Beta-2 microglobulin

B2M
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1A1M, 1A1N, 1A1O, 1A6Z, 1A9B, 1A9E, 1AGB, 1AGC, 1AGD, 1AGE, 1AGF, 1AKJ, 1AO7, 1B0G, 1B0R, 1BD2, 1C16, 1CE6, 1DE4, 1DUY, 1DUZ, 1E27, 1E28, 1EEY, 1EEZ, 1EFX, 1EXU, 1GZP, 1GZQ, 1HHG, 1HHH, 1HHI, 1HHJ, 1HHK, 1HLA, 1HSA, 1HSB, 1I1F, 1I1Y, 1I4F, 1I7R, 1I7T, 1I7U, 1IM3, 1IM9, 1JF1, 1JGD, 1JGE, 1JHT, 1JNJ, 1K5N, 1KPR, 1KTL, 1LDS, 1LP9, 1M05, 1M6O, 1MHE, 1MI5, 1OF2, 1OGA, 1OGT, 1ONQ, 1PY4, 1Q94, 1QEW, 1QLF, 1QQD, 1QR1, 1QRN, 1QSE, 1QSF, 1QVO, 1R3H, 1S9W, 1S9X, 1S9Y, 1SYS, 1SYV, 1TMC, 1TVB, 1TVH, 1UQS, 1UXS, 1UXW, 1VGK, 1W0V, 1W0W, 1W72, 1X7Q, 1XH3, 1XR8, 1XR9, 1XZ0, 1YDP, 1YPZ, 1ZHK, 1ZHL, 1ZS8, 1ZSD, 1ZT4, 1ZVS, 2A83, 2AK4, 2AV7, 2AXF, 2AXG, 2BCK, 2BNQ, 2BNR, 2BSR, 2BSS, 2BST, 2BVO, 2BVP, 2BVQ, 2C7U, 2CII, 2CIK, 2CLR, 2D31, 2D4D, 2D4F, 2DYP, 2E8D, 2ESV, 2F53, 2F54, 2F74, 2F8O, 2GIT, 2GJ6, 2GT9, 2GTW, 2GTZ, 2GUO, 2H26, 2H6P, 2HJL, 2HLA, 2HN7, 2J8U, 2JCC, 2NW3, 2NX5, 2P5E, 2P5W, 2PO6, 2PYE, 2RFX, 2UWE, 2V2W, 2V2X, 2VB5, 2VLJ, 2VLK, 2VLL, 2VLR, 2X4N, 2X4O, 2X4P, 2X4Q, 2X4R, 2X4S, 2X4T, 2X4U, 2X70, 2X89, 2XKS, 2XKU, 2XPG, 2YPK, 2YPL, 2YXF, 2Z9T, 3AM8, 3B3I, 3B6S, 3BGM, 3BH8, 3BH9, 3BHB, 3BO8, 3BP4, 3BP7, 3BVN, 3BW9, 3BWA, 3BXN, 3BZE, 3BZF, 3C9N, 3CDG, 3CII, 3CIQ, 3CZF, 3D18, 3D25, 3D2U, 3D39, 3D3V, 3DBX, 3DHJ, 3DHM, 3DTX, 3DXA, 3EKC, 3FFC, 3FQN, 3FQR, 3FQT, 3FQU, 3FQW, 3FQX, 3FT2, 3FT3, 3FT4, 3GIV, 3GJF, 3GSN, 3GSO, 3GSQ, 3GSR, 3GSU, 3GSV, 3GSW, 3GSX, 3H7B, 3H9H, 3H9S, 3HAE, 3HCV, 3HG1, 3HLA, 3HPJ, 3HUJ, 3I6G, 3I6K, 3I6L, 3IB4, 3IXA, 3JTS, 3KLA, 3KPO, 3KPR, 3KPS, 3KWW, 3KXF, 3KYN, 3KYO, 3L3D, 3L3G, 3L3I, 3L3J, 3L3K, 3LKN, 3LKO, 3LKP, 3LKQ, 3LKR, 3LKS, 3LN4, 3LN5, 3LOW, 3LV3, 3M17, 3M1B, 3MGO, 3MGT, 3MR9, 3MRB, 3MRC, 3MRD, 3MRE, 3MRF, 3MRG, 3MRH, 3MRI, 3MRJ, 3MRK, 3MRL, 3MRM, 3MRN, 3MRO, 3MRP, 3MRQ, 3MRR, 3MV7, 3MV8, 3MV9, 3MYJ, 3MYZ, 3MZT, 3NA4, 3NFN, 3O3A, 3O3B, 3O3D, 3O3E, 3O4L, 3OX8, 3OXR, 3OXS, 3PWJ, 3PWL, 3PWN, 3PWP, 3QDA, 3QDG, 3QDJ, 3QDM, 3QEQ, 3QFD, 3QFJ, 3QZW, 3RL1, 3RWJ, 3S6C, 3SDX, 3SJV, 3SKM, 3SKO, 3SPV, 3T8X, 3TID, 3TIE, 3TLR, 3TM6, 3TO2, 3TZV, 3U0P, 3UPR, 3UTQ, 3UTS, 3UTT, 3V5D, 3V5H, 3V5K, 3VCL, 3VFR, 3VFS, 3VFT, 3VFU, 3VFV, 3VFW, 3VH8, 3VRI, 3VRJ, 3VWJ, 3VWK, 3W39, 4E0K, 4E0L, 4E5X, 4EN3, 4EUP, 4F7M, 4F7P, 4F7T, 4FTV, 4FXL, 4G8G, 4G8I, 4G9D, 4G9F, 4GKS, 4GUP, 4HKJ, 4I4W, 4JFD, 4JFE, 4JFF, 4JFO, 4JFP, 4JFQ, 4JQX, 4JRX, 4JRY, 4K7F, 4KDT, 4L4T, 4L4V, 1CG9, 1N2R, 1P7Q, 1S8D, 1T1W, 1T1X, 1T1Y, 1T1Z, 1T20, 1T21, 1T22, 2AV1, 2FYY, 2FZ3, 2HJK, 3DX6, 3DX7, 3DX8, 3KPL, 3KPM, 3KPN, 3KPP, 3KPQ, 3LOZ, 3OV6, 3REW, 3RL2, 3VXM, 3VXN, 3VXO, 3VXP, 3VXR, 3VXS, 3VXU, 3W0W, 3WL9, 3WLB, 3WUW, 3X11, 3X12, 3X13, 3X14, 4GKN, 4HWZ, 4HX1, 4I48, 4K71, 4L29, 4L3C, 4L3E, 4LCW, 4LCY, 4LHU, 4LNR, 4M8V, 4MJ5, 4MJ6, 4MJI, 4MNQ, 4N0F, 4N0U, 4N8V, 4NNX, 4NNY, 4NO0, 4NO2, 4NO3, 4NO5, 4NQC, 4NQD, 4NQE, 4NQV, 4NQX, 4NT6, 4O2C, 4O2E, 4O2F, 4ONO, 4PJ5, 4PJ7, 4PJ8, 4PJ9, 4PJA, 4PJB, 4PJC, 4PJD, 4PJE, 4PJF, 4PJG, 4PJH, 4PJI, 4PJX, 4PR5, 4PRA, 4PRB, 4PRD, 4PRE, 4PRH, 4PRI, 4PRN, 4PRP, 4QOK, 4QRP, 4QRQ, 4QRR, 4QRS, 4QRT, 4QRU, 4U1H, 4U1I, 4U1J, 4U1K, 4U1L, 4U1M, 4U1N, 4U1S, 4U6X, 4U6Y, 4UQ2, 4UQ3, 4WJ5, 4WO4, 4WU5, 4WU7, 4X6C, 4X6D, 4X6E, 4X6F, 4XXC, 4WDI, 4Z76, 4Z77, 4Z78, 4R9H, 4RA3, 4RAH, 5D2L, 5D2N, 4WW2, 5DEG, 4RMT, 5DEF, 4RMW, 4RMV, 4RMR, 5D7J, 4RMQ, 4RMS, 4WWK, 5BXF, 5D5M, 5D7L, 4RMU, 4WUU, 5D7I, 5EU5, 5EO0, 5EO1, 5EU4, 5BRZ, 5EU6, 5BS0, 5EU3, 5C9J, 5D9S, 5HGA, 5C0D, 5C0B, 5C0I, 5C0A, 5B38, 5E9D, 5B39, 5C0H, 5HHN, 5HGD, 5C08, 5CFH, 5CKG, 4ZEZ, 5C0C, 5HGH, 5C0J, 5HHQ, 5DDH, 5HHM, 5HGB, 5C09, 5HYJ, 5CKA, 5C07, 5HHP, 5C0G, 5C0F, 5HHO, 5C0E
Identifiers
Aliases	B2M, entrez:567, IMD43, beta-2-microglobulin, Β2 microglobulin
External IDs	OMIM: 109700 MGI: 88127 HomoloGene: 2987 GeneCards: B2M
Gene ontology Molecular function • glycoprotein binding • protein binding • identical protein binding Cellular component • cytoplasm • HFE-transferrin receptor complex • Golgi apparatus • phagocytic vesicle membrane • early endosome membrane • endoplasmic reticulum lumen • membrane • focal adhesion • Golgi membrane • plasma membrane • extracellular space • extracellular region • MHC class I protein complex • ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane • early endosome lumen • extracellular exosome • external side of plasma membrane Biological process • cellular protein metabolic process • positive regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis • cellular response to iron ion • response to cadmium ion • negative regulation of receptor binding • negative regulation of neuron projection development • antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-dependent • T cell differentiation in thymus • immune system process • interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway • antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I • antibacterial humoral response • iron ion homeostasis • positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity • regulation of defense response to virus by virus • antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-independent • regulation of membrane depolarization • antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I • positive regulation of ferrous iron import into cell • positive regulation of ferrous iron binding • positive regulation of transferrin receptor binding • retina homeostasis • defense response to Gram-negative bacterium • positive regulation of T cell cytokine production • protein refolding • immune response • regulation of immune response • positive regulation of receptor binding • positive regulation of protein binding • innate immune response • cellular response to lipopolysaccharide • response to molecule of bacterial origin • response to drug • antigen processing and presentation of exogenous protein antigen via MHC class Ib, TAP-dependent • defense response to Gram-positive bacterium Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	567	12010
Ensembl	n/a	ENSMUSG00000060802
UniProt	P61769	P01887
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_004048	NM_009735
RefSeq (protein)	NP_004039.1	NP_033865.2
Location (UCSC)	Chr 15: 44.71 – 44.72 Mb	Chr 2: 122.15 – 122.15 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]
Wikidata

β₂ microglobulin also known as B2M is a component of MHC class I molecules, which are present on all nucleated cells (excludes red blood cells).^[3][4] In humans, the β₂ microglobulin protein^[5] is encoded by the B2M gene.^[4][6]

Structure and function

Schematic representation of MHC class I

β₂ microglobulin lies beside the α₃ chain on the cell surface. Unlike α₃, β₂ has no transmembrane region. Directly above β₂ (that is, further away from the cell) lies the α₁ chain, which itself is next to the α₂.

β₂ microglobulin associates not only with the alpha chain of MHC class I molecules, but also with class I-like molecules such as CD1 and Qa.

An additional function is association with the HFE protein, together regulating the expression of hepcidin in the liver which targets the iron transporter ferroportin on the cytoplasmic membrane of enterocytes and macrophages for degradation resulting in increased iron uptake from food and decreased iron release from recycled red blood cells in the MPS (mononuclear phagocyte system) respectively. Loss of this function causes iron excess and hemochromatosis.

Mice models deficient for the β₂ microglobulin gene have been engineered. These mice demonstrate that β₂ microglobulin is necessary for cell surface expression of MHC class I and stability of the peptide binding groove. In fact, in the absence of β₂ microglobulin, very limited amounts of MHC class I (classical and non-classical) molecules can be detected on the surface. In the absence of MHC class I, CD8 T cells cannot develop. (CD8 T cells are a subset of T cells involved in the development of acquired immunity.)

Clinical significance

In patients on long-term hemodialysis, it can aggregate into amyloid fibers that deposit in joint spaces, a disease known as dialysis-related amyloidosis.

Low levels of β₂ microglobulin can indicate non-progression of HIV.

Levels of β₂ microglobulin can be elevated in multiple myeloma and lymphoma, though in these cases primary amyloidosis (amyloid light chain) and secondary amyloidosis (amyloid associated protein) are more common. The normal value of β₂ microglobulin is <2 mg/L.^[7] However, with respect to multiple myeloma, the levels of β₂ microglobulin may also be at the other end of the spectrum. Diagnostic testing for multiple myeloma includes obtaining the β₂ microglobulin level, for this level is an important prognostic indicator. A patient with a level <4 mg/L is expected to have a median survival of 43 months, while one with a level >4mg/L has a median survival of only 12 months.^[8] β₂ microglobulin levels cannot, however, distinguish between monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS), which has a better prognosis, and smouldering (low grade) myeloma.^[9][10]

References

Further reading

External links

• beta 2-Microglobulin at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

PDB gallery
1a1m: MHC CLASS I MOLECULE B*5301 COMPLEXED WITH PEPTIDE TPYDINQML FROM GAG PROTEIN OF HIV2  1a1n: MHC CLASS I MOLECULE B*3501 COMPLEXED WITH PEPTIDE VPLRPMTY FROM THE NEF PROTEIN (75-82) OF HIV1  1a1o: MHC CLASS I MOLECULE B*5301 COMPLEXED WITH PEPTIDE LS6 (KPIVQYDNF) FROM THE MALARIA PARASITE P. FALCIPARUM  1a6z: HFE (HUMAN) HEMOCHROMATOSIS PROTEIN  1a9b: DECAMER-LIKE CONFORMATION OF A NANO-PEPTIDE BOUND TO HLA-B3501 DUE TO NONSTANDARD POSITIONING OF THE C-TERMINUS  1a9e: DECAMER-LIKE CONFORMATION OF A NANO-PEPTIDE BOUND TO HLA-B3501 DUE TO NONSTANDARD POSITIONING OF THE C-TERMINUS  1agb: ANTAGONIST HIV-1 GAG PEPTIDES INDUCE STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN HLA B8-HIV-1 GAG PEPTIDE (GGRKKYKL-3R MUTATION)  1agc: ANTAGONIST HIV-1 GAG PEPTIDES INDUCE STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN HLA B8-HIV-1 GAG PEPTIDE (GGKKKYQL-7Q MUTATION)  1agd: ANTAGONIST HIV-1 GAG PEPTIDES INDUCE STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN HLA B8-HIV-1 GAG PEPTIDE (GGKKKYKL-INDEX PEPTIDE)  1age: ANTAGONIST HIV-1 GAG PEPTIDES INDUCE STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN HLA B8-HIV-1 GAG PEPTIDE (GGKKKYRL-7R MUTATION)  1agf: ANTAGONIST HIV-1 GAG PEPTIDES INDUCE STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN HLA B8-HIV-1 GAG PEPTIDE (GGKKRYKL-5R MUTATION)  1akj: COMPLEX OF THE HUMAN MHC CLASS I GLYCOPROTEIN HLA-A2 AND THE T CELL CORECEPTOR CD8  1ao7: COMPLEX BETWEEN HUMAN T-CELL RECEPTOR, VIRAL PEPTIDE (TAX), AND HLA-A 0201  1b0g: CLASS I HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN (HLA-A2.1)/BETA 2-MICROGLOBULIN/PEPTIDE P1049 COMPLEX  1b0r: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-A*0201 COMPLEXED WITH A PEPTIDE WITH THE CARBOXYL-TERMINAL GROUP SUBSTITUTED BY A METHYL GROUP  1bd2: COMPLEX BETWEEN HUMAN T-CELL RECEPTOR B7, VIRAL PEPTIDE (TAX) AND MHC CLASS I MOLECULE HLA-A 0201  1c16: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF THE GAMMA/DELTA T CELL LIGAND T22  1ce6: MHC CLASS I H-2DB COMPLEXED WITH A SENDAI VIRUS NUCLEOPROTEIN PEPTIDE  1cg9: COMPLEX RECOGNITION OF THE SUPERTYPIC BW6-DETERMINANT ON HLA-B AND-C MOLECULES BY THE MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY SFR8-B6  1de4: HEMOCHROMATOSIS PROTEIN HFE COMPLEXED WITH TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR  1duy: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-A*0201/OCTAMERIC TAX PEPTIDE COMPLEX  1duz: HUMAN CLASS I HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN (HLA-A 0201) IN COMPLEX WITH A NONAMERIC PEPTIDE FROM HTLV-1 TAX PROTEIN  1e27: NONSTANDARD PEPTIDE BINDING OF HLA-B*5101 COMPLEXED WITH HIV IMMUNODOMINANT EPITOPE KM1(LPPVVAKEI)  1e28: NONSTANDARD PEPTIDE BINDING OF HLA-B*5101 COMPLEXED WITH HIV IMMUNODOMINANT EPITOPE KM2(TAFTIPSI)  1eey: Crystal Structure Determination Of HLA A2 Complexed to Peptide GP2 with the substitution (I2L/V5L/L9V)  1eez: Crystal Structure Determination of HLA-A2.1 Complexed to GP2 Peptide Variant(I2L/V5L)  1efx: STRUCTURE OF A COMPLEX BETWEEN THE HUMAN NATURAL KILLER CELL RECEPTOR KIR2DL2 AND A CLASS I MHC LIGAND HLA-CW3  1exu: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE HUMAN MHC-RELATED FC RECEPTOR  1gzp: CD1B IN COMPLEX WITH GM2 GANGLIOSIDE  1gzq: CD1B IN COMPLEX WITH PHOPHATIDYLINOSITOL  1hhg: THE ANTIGENIC IDENTITY OF PEPTIDE(SLASH)MHC COMPLEXES: A COMPARISON OF THE CONFORMATION OF FIVE PEPTIDES PRESENTED BY HLA-A2  1hhh: THE ANTIGENIC IDENTITY OF PEPTIDE(SLASH)MHC COMPLEXES: A COMPARISON OF THE CONFORMATION OF FIVE PEPTIDES PRESENTED BY HLA-A2  1hhi: THE ANTIGENIC IDENTITY OF PEPTIDE(SLASH)MHC COMPLEXES: A COMPARISON OF THE CONFORMATION OF FIVE PEPTIDES PRESENTED BY HLA-A2  1hhj: THE ANTIGENIC IDENTITY OF PEPTIDE(SLASH)MHC COMPLEXES: A COMPARISON OF THE CONFORMATION OF FIVE PEPTIDES PRESENTED BY HLA-A2  1hhk: THE ANTIGENIC IDENTITY OF PEPTIDE(SLASH)MHC COMPLEXES: A COMPARISON OF THE CONFORMATION OF FIVE PEPTIDES PRESENTED BY HLA-A2  1hsa: THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-B27 AT 2.1 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION SUGGESTS A GENERAL MECHANISM FOR TIGHT PEPTIDE BINDING TO MHC  1hsb: DIFFERENT LENGTH PEPTIDES BIND TO HLA-AW68 SIMILARLY AT THEIR ENDS BUT BULGE OUT IN THE MIDDLE  1i1f: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN CLASS I MHC (HLA-A2.1) COMPLEXED WITH BETA 2-MICROGLOBULIN AND HIV-RT VARIANT PEPTIDE I1Y  1i1y: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN CLASS I MHC (HLA-A2.1) COMPLEXED WITH BETA 2-MICROGLOBULIN AND HIV-RT VARIANT PEPTIDE I1Y  1i4f: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-A*0201/MAGE-A4-PEPTIDE COMPLEX  1i7r: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF CLASS I MHC A2 IN COMPLEX WITH PEPTIDE P1058  1i7t: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF CLASS I MHC A2 IN COMPLEX WITH PEPTIDE P1049-5V  1i7u: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF CLASS I MHC A2 IN COMPLEX WITH PEPTIDE P1049-6V  1im3: Crystal Structure of the human cytomegalovirus protein US2 bound to the MHC class I molecule HLA-A2/tax  1im9: Crystal structure of the human natural killer cell inhibitory receptor KIR2DL1 bound to its MHC ligand HLA-Cw4  1jf1: Crystal structure of HLA-A2*0201 in complex with a decameric altered peptide ligand from the MART-1/Melan-A  1jgd: HLA-B*2709 bound to deca-peptide s10R  1jge: HLA-B*2705 bound to nona-peptide m9  1jht: Crystal structure of HLA-A2*0201 in complex with a nonameric altered peptide ligand (ALGIGILTV) from the MART-1/Melan-A.  1jnj: NMR solution structure of the human beta2-microglobulin  1k5n: HLA-B*2709 BOUND TO NONA-PEPTIDE M9  1kpr: The human non-classical major histocompatibility complex molecule HLA-E  1ktl: The human non-classical major histocompatibility complex molecule HLA-E  1lds: Crystal Structure of monomeric human beta-2-microglobulin  1lp9: Xenoreactive complex AHIII 12.2 TCR bound to p1049/HLA-A2.1  1m05: HLA B8 in complex with an Epstein Barr Virus determinant  1m6o: Crystal Structure of HLA B*4402 in complex with HLA DPA*0201 peptide  1mhe: THE HUMAN NON-CLASSICAL MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX MOLECULE HLA-E  1mi5: The crystal structure of LC13 TcR in complex with HLAB8-EBV peptide complex  1n2r: A natural selected dimorphism in HLA B*44 alters self, peptide reportoire and T cell recognition.  1of2: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-B*2709 COMPLEXED WITH THE VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE TYPE 1 RECEPTOR (VIPR) PEPTIDE (RESIDUES 400-408)  1oga: A STRUCTURAL BASIS FOR IMMUNODOMINANT HUMAN T-CELL RECEPTOR RECOGNITION.  1ogt: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-B*2705 COMPLEXED WITH THE VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE TYPE 1 RECEPTOR (VIPR) PEPTIDE (RESIDUES 400-408)  1onq: Crystal Structure of CD1a in Complex with a Sulfatide  1p7q: Crystal Structure of HLA-A2 Bound to LIR-1, a Host and Viral MHC Receptor  1py4: Beta2 microglobulin mutant H31Y displays hints for amyloid formations  1q94: Structures of HLA-A*1101 in complex with immunodominant nonamer and decamer HIV-1 epitopes clearly reveal the presence of a middle anchor residue  1qew: HUMAN CLASS I HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN (HLA-A 0201) COMPLEX WITH A NONAMERIC PEPTIDE FROM MELANOMA-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN 3 (RESIDUES 271-279)  1qlf: MHC CLASS I H-2DB COMPLEXED WITH GLYCOPEPTIDE K3G  1qqd: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-CW4, A LIGAND FOR THE KIR2D NATURAL KILLER CELL INHIBITORY RECEPTOR  1qr1: POOR BINDING OF A HER-2/NEU EPITOPE (GP2) TO HLA-A2.1 IS DUE TO A LACK OF INTERACTIONS IN THE CENTER OF THE PEPTIDE  1qrn: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN A6 TCR COMPLEXED WITH HLA-A2 BOUND TO ALTERED HTLV-1 TAX PEPTIDE P6A  1qse: STRUCTURE OF HUMAN A6-TCR BOUND TO HLA-A2 COMPLEXED WITH ALTERED HTLV-1 TAX PEPTIDE V7R  1qsf: STRUCTURE OF A6-TCR BOUND TO HLA-A2 COMPLEXED WITH ALTERED HTLV-1 TAX PEPTIDE Y8A  1qvo: STRUCTURES OF HLA-A*1101 IN COMPLEX WITH IMMUNODOMINANT NONAMER AND DECAMER HIV-1 EPITOPES CLEARLY REVEAL THE PRESENCE OF A MIDDLE ANCHOR RESIDUE  1r3h: Crystal Structure of T10  1s8d: Structural basis for degenerate recognition of HIV peptide variants by cytotoxic lymphocyte, variant SL9-3A  1s9w: Crystal Structure Analysis of NY-ESO-1 epitope, SLLMWITQC, in complex with HLA-A2  1s9x: Crystal Structure Analysis of NY-ESO-1 epitope analogue, SLLMWITQA, in complex with HLA-A2  1s9y: Crystal Structure Analysis of NY-ESO-1 epitope analogue, SLLMWITQS, in complex with HLA-A2  1sys: Crystal structure of HLA, B*4403, and peptide EEPTVIKKY  1syv: HLA-B*4405 complexed to the dominant self ligand EEFGRAYGF  1t1w: Structural basis for degenerate recognition of HIV peptide variants by cytotoxic lymphocyte, variant SL9-3F6I8V  1t1x: Structural basis for degenerate recognition of HIV peptide variants by cytotoxic lymphocyte, variant SL9-4L  1t1y: Structural basis for degenerate recognition of HIV peptide variants by cytotoxic lymphocyte, variant SL9-5V  1t1z: Structural basis for degenerate recognition of HIV peptide variants by cytotoxic lymphocyte, variant SL9-6A  1t20: Structural basis for degenerate recognition of HIV peptide variants by cytotoxic lymphocyte, variant SL9-6I  1t21: Structural basis for degenerate recognition of HIV peptide variants by cytotoxic lymphocyte, variant SL9, monoclinic crystal  1t22: Structural basis for degenerate recognition of HIV peptide variants by cytotoxic lymphocyte, variant SL9, orthorhombic crystal  1tmc: THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF A CLASS I MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX MOLECULE MISSING THE ALPHA3 DOMAIN OF THE HEAVY CHAIN  1tvb: Crystal structure of Melanoma Antigen gp100(209-217) Bound to Human Class I MHC HLA-A2  1tvh: Crystal structure of Modified Melanoma Antigen gp100(209-T2M) Bound to Human Class I MHC HLA-A2  1uqs: THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN CD1B WITH A BOUND BACTERIAL GLYCOLIPID  1uxs: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-B*2705 COMPLEXED WITH THE LATENT MEMBRANE PROTEIN 2 PEPTIDE (LMP2)OF EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS  1uxw: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-B*2709 COMPLEXED WITH THE LATENT MEMBRANE PROTEIN 2 PEPTIDE (LMP2) OF EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS  1vgk: The crystal structure of class I Major histocompatibility complex, H-2Kd at 2.0 A resolution  1w0v: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-B*2705 COMPLEXED WITH THE SELF-PEPTIDE TIS FROM EGF-RESPONSE FACTOR 1  1w0w: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-B*2709 COMPLEXED WITH THE SELF-PEPTIDE TIS FROM EGF-RESPONSE FACTOR 1  1w72: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-A1:MAGE-A1 IN COMPLEX WITH FAB-HYB3  1x7q: Crystal structure of HLA-A*1101 with sars nucleocapsid peptide  1xh3: Conformational Restraints and Flexibility of 14-Meric Peptides in Complex with HLA-B*3501  1xr8: Crystal Structures of HLA-B*1501 in Complex with Peptides from Human UbcH6 and Epstein-Barr Virus EBNA-3  1xr9: Crystal Structures of HLA-B*1501 in Complex with Peptides from Human UbcH6 and Epstein-Barr Virus EBNA-3  1xz0: Crystal structure of CD1a in complex with a synthetic mycobactin lipopeptide  1ydp: 1.9A crystal structure of HLA-G  1ypz: Immune receptor  1zhk: Crystal structure of HLA-B*3501 presenting 13-mer EBV antigen LPEPLPQGQLTAY  1zhl: Crystal structure of HLA-B*3508 presenting 13-mer EBV antigen LPEPLPQGQLTAY  1zs8: Crystal Structure of the Murine MHC Class Ib Molecule M10.5  1zsd: Crystal Structure Of HLA-B*3501 Presenting an 11-Mer EBV Antigen EPLPQGQLTAY  1zt4: The crystal structure of human CD1d with and without alpha-Galactosylceramide  1zvs: Crystal structure of the first class MHC mamu and Tat-Tl8 complex  2a83: Crystal structure of hla-b*2705 complexed with the glucagon receptor (gr) peptide (residues 412-420)  2ak4: Crystal Structure of SB27 TCR in complex with HLA-B*3508-13mer peptide  2av1: Crystal structure of HTLV-1 TAX peptide Bound to Human Class I MHC HLA-A2 with the E63Q and K66A mutations in the heavy chain.  2av7: Crystal structure of HTLV-1 TAX peptide Bound to Human Class I MHC HLA-A2 with the K66A mutation in the heavy chain.  2axf: The Immunogenicity of a Viral Cytotoxic T Cell Epitope is controlled by its MHC-bound Conformation  2axg: The Immunogenicity of a Viral Cytotoxic T Cell Epitope is controlled by its MHC-bound Conformation  2bck: Crystal Structure of HLA-A*2402 Complexed with a telomerase peptide  2bnq: STRUCTURAL AND KINETIC BASIS FOR HEIGHTENED IMMUNOGENICITY OF T CELL VACCINES  2bnr: STRUCTURAL AND KINETIC BASIS FOR HEIGHTENED IMMUNOGENICITY OF T CELL VACCINES  2bsr: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AND KIR3DL1 RECOGNITION OF THREE IMMUNODOMINANT VIRAL PEPTIDES COMPLEXED TO HLA-B2705  2bss: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AND KIR3DL1 RECOGNITION OF THREE IMMUNODOMINANT VIRAL PEPTIDES COMPLEXED TO HLA-B2705  2bst: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AND KIR3DL1 RECOGNITION OF THREE IMMUNODOMINANT VIRAL PEPTIDES COMPLEXED TO HLA-B2705  2bsu:  2bsv:  2bvo: STRUCTURES OF THREE HIV-1 HLA-B5703-PEPTIDE COMPLEXES AND IDENTIFICATION OF RELATED HLAS POTENTIALLY ASSOCIATED WITH LONG-TERM NON-PROGRESSION  2bvp: STRUCTURES OF THREE HIV-1 HLA-B5703-PEPTIDE COMPLEXES AND IDENTIFICATION OF RELATED HLAS POTENTIALLY ASSOCIATED WITH LONG-TERM NON-PROGRESSION  2bvq: STRUCTURES OF THREE HIV-1 HLA-B5703-PEPTIDE COMPLEXES AND IDENTIFICATION OF RELATED HLAS POTENTIALLY ASSOCIATED WITH LONG-TERM NON-PROGRESSION  2c7u: CONFLICTING SELECTIVE FORCES AFFECT CD8 T-CELL RECEPTOR CONTACT SITES IN AN HLA-A2 IMMUNODOMINANT HIV EPITOPE.  2cii: THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF H-2DB COMPLEXED WITH A PARTIAL PEPTIDE EPITOPE SUGGESTS AN MHC CLASS I ASSEMBLY-INTERMEDIATE  2cik: INSIGHTS INTO CROSSREACTIVITY IN HUMAN ALLORECOGNITION: THE STRUCTURE OF HLA-B35011 PRESENTING AN EPITOPE DERIVED FROM CYTOCHROME P450.  2clr: THREE DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE OF A PEPTIDE EXTENDING OUT ONE END OF A CLASS I MHC BINDING SITE  2d31: Crystal structure of disulfide-linked HLA-G dimer  2d4d: The Crystal Structure of human beta2-microglobulin, L39W W60F W95F Mutant  2d4f: The Crystal Structure of human beta2-microglobulin  2dyp: Crystal Structure of LILRB2(LIR2/ILT4/CD85d) complexed with HLA-G  2esv: Structure of the HLA-E-VMAPRTLIL/KK50.4 TCR complex  2f53: Directed Evolution of Human T-cell Receptor CDR2 residues by phage display dramatically enhances affinity for cognate peptide-MHC without apparent cross-reactivity  2f54: Directed evolution of human T cell receptor CDR2 residues by phage display dramatically enhances affinity for cognate peptide-MHC without increasing apparent cross-reactivity  2f74: Murine MHC class I H-2Db in complex with human b2-microglobulin and LCMV-derived immunodminant peptide gp33  2f8o: A Native to Amyloidogenic Transition Regulated by a Backbone Trigger  2fyy: The role of T cell receptor alpha genes in directing human MHC restriction  2fz3: The role of T cell receptor alpha genes in directing human MHC restriction  2git: Human Class I MHC HLA-A2 in complex with the modified HTLV-1 TAX (Y5K-4-[3-Indolyl]-butyric acid) peptide  2gj6: The complex between TCR A6 and human Class I MHC HLA-A2 with the modified HTLV-1 TAX (Y5K-4-[3-Indolyl]-butyric acid) peptide  2h26: human CD1b in complex with endogenous phosphatidylcholine and spacer  2h6p: Crystal structure of HLA-B*3501 presenting the human cytochrome P450 derived peptide, KPIVVLHGY  2hjk: Crystal Structure of HLA-B5703 and HIV-1 peptide  2hjl: Crystal Structure of HLA-B5703 and HIV-1 peptide  2hla: SPECIFICITY POCKETS FOR THE SIDE CHAINS OF PEPTIDE ANTIGENS IN HLA-AW68  2hn7: HLA-A*1101 in complex with HBV peptide homologue  2nw3: Crystal structure of HLA-B*3508 presenting EBV peptide EPLPQGQLTAY at 1.7A  2nx5: Crystal structure of ELS4 TCR bound to HLA-B*3508 presenting EBV peptide EPLPQGQLTAY at 1.7A  3hla: HUMAN CLASS I HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN A2.1