Atlantogenata

Atlantogenata is a proposed clade of mammals containing the cohorts or superorders Afrotheria and Xenarthra. These groups originated and radiated in the South American and African continents, presumably in the Cretaceous. Together with Boreoeutheria, they make up Eutheria. The monophyly of this grouping was supported by some genetic evidence.[1][2]

Alternative hypotheses are that Boreoeutheria and Afrotheria combine to form Epitheria (as generally supported by anatomical and other physiological evidence) or that Boreoeutheria and Xenarthra combine to form Exafroplacentalia or Notolegia.[3]

Updated analysis of transposable element insertions around the time of divergence strongly supports the fourth hypothesis of a near-concomitant origin (trifurcation) of the three superorders of mammals.[4][5]

Eutheria  
Boreoeutheria

Euarchontoglires



Laurasiatheria



  Atlantogenata  

Xenarthra



Afrotheria  




Below shows the phylogeny of the extant atlantogenate families.

Atlantogenata
Xenarthra
Cingulata

Dasypodidae



Chlamyphoridae



Pilosa
Vermilingua

Cyclopedidae



Myrmecophagidae



Folivora

Bradypodidae



Megalonychidae





Afrotheria
Afroinsectiphilia
Tubulidentata

Orycteropodidae


Afroinsectivora
Macroscelidea

Macroscelididae


Afrosoricida

Chrysochloridae



Tenrecidae





Paenungulata
Hyracoidea

Procaviidae


Tethytheria
Proboscidea

Elephantidae


Sirenia

Dugongidae



Trichechidae







References

  1. Waddell, Peter J.; Okada, Norohiro; Hasegawa, Masami (1999). "Towards Resolving the Interordinal Relationships of Placental Mammals". Systematic Biology. 48 (1): 1–5. doi:10.1093/sysbio/48.1.1. PMID 12078634.
  2. Murphy, W.J., Pringle, T.H., Crider, T.A., Springer, M.S. & Miller, W. 2007. Using genomic data to unravel the root of the placental mammal phylogeny. Genome Research 17: 413–421.
  3. Wildman, Derek E.; Chen, Caoyi; Erez, Offer; Grossman, Lawrence I.; Goodman, Morris; Romero, Roberto (2006). "Evolution of the mammalian placenta revealed by phylogenetic analysis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 103 (9): 3203–3208. doi:10.1073/pnas.0511344103. PMC 1413940Freely accessible. PMID 16492730.
  4. Nishihara, H.; Maruyama, S.; Okada, N. (2009). "Retroposon analysis and recent geological data suggest near-simultaneous divergence of the three superorders of mammals". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (13): 5235. doi:10.1073/pnas.0809297106.
  5. Churakov, G.; Kriegs, J. O.; Baertsch, R.; Zemann, A.; Brosius, J. R.; Schmitz, J. R. (2009). "Mosaic retroposon insertion patterns in placental mammals". Genome Research. 19 (5): 868–875. doi:10.1101/gr.090647.108. PMC 2675975Freely accessible. PMID 19261842.

Further reading

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