Ashikaga Yoshiaki

Ashikaga Yoshiaki

Born	December 5, 1537
Died	October 19, 1597
Occupation	Fifteen Shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate

In this Japanese name, the family name is Ashikaga.

Ashikaga Yoshiaki (足利義昭, December 5, 1537 – October 19, 1597)^[1] was the 15th shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate in Japan who reigned from .^[2] His father, Ashikaga Yoshiharu was the twelfth shogun, and his brother, Ashikaga Yoshiteru was the thirteenth shogun.^[3]

Life

The absence of an effective central authority in the capital of Japan had lasted until the warlord Oda Nobunaga's armies entered Kyoto in 1568,^[4] re-establishing the Muromachi Shogunate under the puppet shogun Ashikaga Yoshiaki to begin the Azuchi–Momoyama period. Ashikaga Yoshihide, the fourteenth shogun, was deposed without ever entering the capital.

Most historians consider 1573 to have been the year in which the Ashikaga shogunate ended. The power of the Ashikaga was effectively destroyed on August 27, 1573 when Nobunaga drove Yoshiaki out of Kyoto. Yoshiaki became a Buddhist monk, shaving his head and taking the name Sho-san, which he later changed to Rei-o In.^[5]

Some note that Yoshiaki did not formally relinquish his empty title; and for this reason, the empty shell of the shogunate could be said to have continued for several more years. Despite a renewed central authority in Kyoto and Nobunaga's attempt to unify the country, the struggle for power among warring states continued until unification and final peace was achieved long after his assassination in 1582.

Events of Yoshiaki's bakufu

Significant events shape the period during which Yoshiaki was shogun:

1568 – Oda Nobunaga sets Yoshiaki up as shogun.^[2]
1569 – Yoshiaki's Nijō residence is built.^[6]
1570 – Ikkō monks defeat Oda Nobunaga.^[2]
1571 – Oda Nobunaga destroys Enryaku-ji.^[2]
1573 – Takeda Shingen dies; Yoshiaki is deposed.^[2]
1588 – Yoshiaki officially resigns from his post as Shogun.^[7]

Eras of Yoshiaki's bakufu

The span of years in which Yoshiaki was shogun are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō.^[8]

Eiroku (1558–1570)
Genki (1570–1573)
Tenshō (1573–1592)

Notes

↑ "Ashikaga Yoshiaki" in The New Encyclopaedia Britannica. Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica Inc., 15th edn., 1992, Vol. 1, p. 625.
1 2 3 4 5 Ackroyd, Joyce. (1982) Lessons from History: The Tokushi Yoron, p. 332.
↑ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 385-389., p. 385, at Google Books
↑ Sansom, George (1961). A History of Japan, 1334–1615. Stanford University Press. p. 278–279. ISBN 0804705259.
↑ Titsingh, p. 389., p. 389, at Google Books
↑ Lee Butler, "Castles in Medieval Japan: Before Azuchi," presentation at Association for Asian Studies annual conference, San Diego, March 23, 2013.
↑ National Diet Library: 国史大系
↑ Titsingh, pp. 382–405., p. 382, at Google Books

References

Ackroyd, Joyce. (1982) Lessons from History: the Tokushi Yoron. Brisbane: University of Queensland Press. ISBN 9780702214851; OCLC 7574544
Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Ōdai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 585069

Preceded by Ashikaga Yoshihide	Muromachi Shogun 1568–1588	Succeeded by —

Ashikaga family tree

Takauji ⁽¹⁾
1305–1338–1358

Yoshiakira⁽²⁾
1330–1358-1367–1368

Yoshimitsu⁽³⁾
1358–1367-1395–1408

Yoshimochi⁽⁴⁾
1386–1395-1423–1428

Yoshikazu⁽⁵⁾
1407–1423–1425

Yoshinori⁽⁶⁾
1394–1428–1441

Yoshikatsu⁽⁷⁾
1433–1442–1443

Masatomo
1435–1491

Yoshimasa^{(8)^{[lower-roman 1]}^{[lower-roman 2]}}
1435–1449-1474–1490

Yoshimi
1439–1491

Yoshizumi^{(11)^{[lower-roman 1]}}
1478–1493-1508–1513

Yoshihisa^{(9)^{[lower-roman 1]}}
1465–1474–1489

Yoshitane^{(10)^{[lower-roman 1]}}
1465–1490-1493+1508-1521–1522

Yoshiharu⁽¹²⁾
1510–1521-1545–1550

Yoshitsuna
1509–1573

Yoshiteru⁽¹³⁾
1535–1545–1565

Yoshiaki⁽¹⁵⁾
1537–1568-1573–1597

Yoshihide⁽¹⁴⁾
1538–1564–1568

Notes:

1 2 3 4 Yoshimasa's successors were Yoshihisa (son), Yoshitane (first adopted son) and Yoshizumi (second adopted son)
↑ The broken lines indicate adoptions within the shogunal clan

Chronology, dates and paternity of the Ashikaga shoguns

	Name	Lived	Reigned	Son of
1st	Takauji	1305–1358	1338–1358	Sadauji
2nd	Yoshiakira	1330–1368	1358–1367	Takauji
3rd	Yoshimitsu	1358–1408	1367–1395	Yoshiakira
4th	Yoshimochi	1386–1428	1395–1423	Yoshimitsu
5th	Yoshikazu	1407–1425	1423–1425	Yoshimochi
6th	Yoshinori	1394–1441	1428–1441	Yoshimitsu
7th	Yoshikatsu	1433–1443	1442–1443	Yoshinori
8th	Yoshimasa	1435–1490	1449–1474	Yoshinori

	Name	Lived	Reigned	Son of
9th	Yoshihisa	1465–1489	1474–1489	Yoshimasa
10th	Yoshitane	1465–1522	1490–1493 1508–1521	Yoshimi
11th	Yoshizumi	1478–1513	1493–1508	Masatomo
12th	Yoshiharu	1510–1550	1521–1545	Yoshizumi
13th	Yoshiteru	1535–1565	1545–1565	Yoshiharu
14th	Yosihide	1538–1568	1564–1568	Yoshitsuna
15th	Yoshiaki	1537–1597	1568–1573	Yoshiharu

Prominent people of the Sengoku period

Three major daimyōs	Oda Nobunaga Toyotomi Hideyoshi Tokugawa Ieyasu

Shogun	Ashikaga Yoshiharu Ashikaga Yoshiteru Ashikaga Yoshihide Ashikaga Yoshiaki Tokugawa Hidetada

Emperors	Go-Kashiwabara Go-Nara Ōgimachi Go-Yōzei

Other daimyōs	List of daimyo from the Sengoku period

Swordsmen	Hikita Bungorō Kamiizumi Nobutsuna Miyamoto Musashi Sasaki Kojirō Tadashima Akiyama Tsukahara Bokuden Tsutsumi Hōzan Yagyū Munenori Yagyū Munetoshi

Ninja, rogues and mercenaries	Fūma Kotarō Hattori Hanzō Ishikawa Goemon Katō Danzō Kirigakure Shikaemon Kōzuki Sasuke Mochizuki Chiyome Nakamura Chōbei Ohama Kagetaka Saika Magoichi Suzuki Sadayu Suzuki Shigehide Suzuki Shigetomo Suzuki Magoroku Igasaki Dōshun

Monks and other religious figures	Ankokuji Ekei Honganji Kennyo Hon'inbō Sansa Ishin Sūden Jion Nankōbō Tenkai Rennyo Sessai Choro Shimozuma Chuko Shimozuma Rairen Shimozuma Rairyū Takuan Sōhō

Onna-bugeisha	Ii Naotora Ikeda Sen Kaihime Komatsuhime Maeda Matsu Ōhōri Tsuruhime Tachibana Ginchiyo

Other women	Asahihime Chacha Dota Gozen Gotokuhime Hosokawa Gracia Izumo no Okuni Kitsuno Kyōgoku Maria Kyōgoku Tatsuko Nene Nōhime Oeyo Oichi Ohatsu Okaji no Kata Lady Kasuga Lady Saigō Lady Tsukiyama Senhime Sentōin Tokuhime

See also	List of samurai from the Sengoku period

Authority control	WorldCat Identities VIAF: 64807224 LCCN: n85228130 GND: 11895993X NDL: 00624954

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