Aiphanes duquei
| Aiphanes duquei | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Monocots |
| (unranked): | Commelinids |
| Order: | Arecales |
| Family: | Arecaceae |
| Subfamily: | Arecoideae |
| Tribe: | Cocoseae |
| Subtribe: | Bactridinae[2] |
| Genus: | Aiphanes |
| Species: | A. duquei |
| Binomial name | |
| Aiphanes duquei Burret | |
Aiphanes duquei is a species of palm that is endemic to Colombia. Known from only a small area in the Cordillera Occidental, it is threatened by habitat loss and forest management practices.
Description
Aiphanes duquei is a small palm up to 5 metres (16 ft) tall with stems about 5 centimetres (2.0 in) in diameter which are covered with black spines up to 15 cm (5.9 in) long. Stems grow singly, not in clonal clusters. Individuals have between 8 and 9 leaves which consists of a leaf sheath, a petiole and a rachis. Leaf sheaths, which wrap around the stem, are 72 cm (28 in) long. Petioles are yellow to brown, 4 to 25 cm (2 to 10 in) long, and are covered with spines up to 10 cm (3.9 in) long. Rachises are 91 to 110 cm (36 to 43 in), and scattered spines up to 3 cm (1.2 in) long. Leaves each bear 23 to 35 pairs of leaflets.[3]
The male flowers, which are purple in colour, are 4 to 5.2 millimetres (0.16 to 0.20 in) long. The female flowers are larger—13 to 20 mm (0.51 to 0.79 in) long. The fruit are red, 9 to 12 mm (0.35 to 0.47 in) long.[3]
Taxonomy
The species was first described by German botanist Max Burret in 1937 based on a collection made in November 1936 by Colombian botanist J.M. Duque.[4] The generic epithet, Aiphanes, coined by German botanist Carl Ludwig Willdenow in 1801, derives from Greek ai, meaning "always" and phaneros, meaning "evident", "visible" or "conspicuous".[3] The specific epithet, duquei, honours the collector, J.M. Duque.[4]
Burret placed Aiphanes duquei in the subgenus Brachyanthera,[4] one of the two subgenera into which he divided the genus. While Borchsenius and Bernal recognised the other subgenus, Macroanthera as a potentially cohesive unit, they concluded that the remaining subgenus Brachyanthera would be overly heterogeneous, and consequently abandoned Burret's use of subgenera.[3]
Distribution and status
Aiphanes duquei is endemic to an area of 200 square kilometres (77 sq mi) in the Cordillera Occidental in Colombia.[1] It is found in cloudy, lower montane wet and rain forests,[3] primarily in the Munchique and Farallones de Cali National Parks.[1]
On the basis of its limited distribution, and the fact that its habitat is vulnerable to expanding agriculture and forest management practices, it is classified as a vulnerable species.[1]
See also
References
- 1 2 3 4 Bernal, R. 1998. Aiphanes duquei. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Archived June 27, 2014, at the Wayback Machine. Downloaded on 20 July 2007.
- ↑ Asmussen, Conny B.; John Dransfield; Vinnie Deickmann; Anders S. Barfod; Jean-Christophe Pintaud; William J. Baker (2006). "A new subfamily classification of the palm family (Arecaceae): evidence from plastid DNA phylogeny". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 151 (1): 15–38. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2006.00521.x.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Borchsenius, Finn; Rodrigo Bernal (December 1996). "Aiphanes (Palmae)". Flora Neotropica. 70.
- 1 2 3 Burret, Max (1937). "Plantae Duqueanae". Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin-Dahlem. 13 (119): 489–500.