Acetone (data page)

This page provides supplementary chemical data on acetone.

Material Safety Data Sheet

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommended that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source and follow its directions.

Structure and properties

Structure and properties
Index of refraction, nD 1.3561
Dielectric constant, εr 20.7 ε0 at 25°C
Bond strength ?
Bond length ?
Bond angle ?
Magnetic susceptibility ?
Surface tension 26.2 dyn/cm at 0°
23.7 dyn/cm at 20°C
Viscosity[1] 0.4013 mPa·s at 0°C
0.3311 mPa·s at 20°C
0.2562 mPa·s at 50°C

Thermodynamic properties

Phase behavior
Triple point 178.5 K (94.3 °C), ? Pa
Critical point 508 K (235 °C), 48 bar
Std enthalpy change
of fusion
, ΔfusHo
+5.7 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of fusion
, ΔfusSo
+32.3 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change
of vaporization
, ΔvapHo
+31.3 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of vaporization
, ΔvapSo
95 J/(mol·K)
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation
, ΔfHosolid
? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sosolid
? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp [2] 96 J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation
, ΔfHoliquid
249.4 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Soliquid
200.4 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, ΔcHo –1785.7 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, cp 125.5 J/(mol K)
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation
, ΔfHogas
218.5 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
Sogas
? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp 75 J/(mol K)
van der Waals' constants[3] a = 1409.4 L2 kPa/mol2
b = 0.0994 liter per mole

Vapor pressure of liquid

P in mm Hg 1 10 40 100 400 760 1520 3800 7600 15200 30400 45600
T in °C –59.4 –31.1 –9.4 7.7 39.5 56.5 78.6 113.0 144.5 181.0 214.5  


Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed.

Vapor pressure of acetone based on formula, from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed.
vapor pressure of acetone (log scale) based on formula, from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed.

Distillation data

See also:

Vapor-liquid Equilibrium of Acetone/water[4]
P = 760 mmHg
BP
Temp.
°C
% by mole acetone
liquid vapor
100.00 0.0 0.0
87.8 1.0 33.5
83.0 2.3 46.2
76.5 4.1 58.5
75.38 5.0 63.1
68.76 10.0 73.1
66.2 12.0 75.6
63.98 20.0 79.2
61.84 30.0 82.0
60.73 40.0 83.4
59.87 50.0 84.8
59.29 60.0 85.8
58.52 70.0 87.4
57.65 80.0 89.4
57.1 85.0 91.8
56.65 90.0 93.8
56.36 95.0 96.3
56.09 100.0 100.0
   
Vapor-liquid Equilibrium of Acetone/Methanol[4]
P = 101.325 kPa
BP
Temp.
°C
% by mole methanol
liquid vapor
55.67 7.0 8.2
55.43 13.3 14.4
55.31 18.1 18.8
55.24 21.7 21.8
55.25 22.7 22.6
55.30 26.5 25.5
55.39 34.0 31.1
55.74 40.6 35.6
55.96 44.6 38.2
56.15 48.1 40.6
56.90 59.3 48.6
57.05 60.6 49.6
57.29 63.1 51.5
57.69 67.6 55.0
58.32 71.9 59.0
58.49 73.7 60.8
58.97 77.1 64.3
59.57 80.5 68.1
60.41 84.9 73.5
61.53 90.0 80.9
62.21 92.6 85.2
62.79 94.7 89.0
63.69 97.6 94.7
   
Vapor-liquid Equilibrium of Acetone/Ethanol[4]
P = 760 mm Hg
BP
Temp.
°C
% by mole acetone
liquid vapor
78.3 0 0
76.4 3.3 11.1
74.0 7.8 21.6
70.8 14.9 34.5
69.1 19.5 41.0
65.6 31.6 53.4
63.4 41.4 61.4
61.3 53.2 69.7
59.0 69.1 79.6
57.3 85.2 89.6
56.1 100.0 100.0

Spectral data

UV-Vis
λmax 280 nm
Extinction coefficient, ε 12.4 L/(mol·cm) @ 280 nm
IR
Major absorption bands[5]
(liquid film)
Wave number Transmittance
3414 cm1 78%
3005 cm1 66%
2966 cm1 74%
2925 cm1 77%
1749 cm1 52%
1715 cm1 4%
1434 cm1 49%
1421 cm1 47%
1363 cm1 13%
1223 cm1 12%
1093 cm1 68%
903 cm1 81%
531 cm1 36%
NMR
Proton NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) δ 2.16 (s, 6H)
Carbon-13 NMR (CDCl3, 25 MHz) δ 206.6, 30.8
Other NMR data  
MS
Masses of
main fragments
 

References

  1. Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp 1669-1674
  2. Maass, O.; Walbauer, L.J., The specific heats and latent heats of fusion of ice and of several organic compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1925, 47, 1-9.
  3. Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp 1522-1524
  4. 1 2 3 "Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data" (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved 6 June 2007.
  5. "Spectral Database for Organic Compounds" (Queriable database). Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. Retrieved 7 June 2007.

Except where noted otherwise, data relate to standard ambient temperature and pressure.

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