Acantholysis

Not to be confused with Acanthosis.

Acantholysis
Foot-and-mouth disease - acantholysis in a sample of a skin vesicle: Necrosis of the stratum spinosum can be observed, and keratinocytes floating in the vesicular fluid (spongiosa).
Classification and external resources
Specialty	dermatology
ICD-10	L11.9 (ILDS L11.900)
DiseasesDB	31172

Acantholysis is the loss of intercellular connections, such as desmosomes, resulting in loss of cohesion between keratinocytes,^[1] seen in diseases such as pemphigus vulgaris.^[2] It is absent in bullous pemphigoid, making it useful for differential diagnosis.

This histological feature is also seen in herpes simplex infections (HSV 1 and 2) and varicella zoster infections (chicken pox and shingles).

References

↑ Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelso; Abbas, Abul (2004) Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (7th ed.). Saunders. Page 1230. ISBN 0-7216-0187-1.
↑ Medical Dictionary Entry

Macroscopic

Primary lesions	flat Macule Patch elevated Papule Nodule Plaque fluid Vesicle Bulla Pustule Ulcer Erosion Telangiectasia Special initial lesions : Burrow Tunnel Comedo Scutulum Target lesion Herald patch Wheal

Secondary lesions	Scale Crust Lichenification Excoriation Induration Atrophy

Microscopic

Pemphigus vulgaris: Pemphigus vegetans of Hallopeau of Neumann

Pemphigus foliaceus: Pemphigus erythematosus Endemic pemphigus

Paraneoplastic pemphigus

IgA pemphigus Subcorneal pustular Intraepidermal neutrophilic

Other

IgG:	Bullous pemphigoid Cicatricial pemphigoid Localised Gestational pemphigoid Pemphigoid nodularis Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita

IgA:	Linear IgA bullous dermatosis Childhood Adult

In diseases
classified elsewhere

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