8K resolution

Comparison chart

8K resolution or 8K UHD is the current highest ultra high definition television (UHDTV) resolution in digital television and digital cinematography. 8K refers to the horizontal resolution in the order of 8,000 pixels, forming the total image dimensions of (7680×4320). [1]

8K UHD has two times the horizontal and vertical resolution of the 4K UHD with four times as many pixels overall, or sixteen times as many pixels as Full HD.

High-resolution displays such as 8K allow the user to have each pixel be indistinguishable to the human eye from an acceptable distance to the screen. On an 8K screen sized 52 inches (132 cm), this effect would be achieved in a distance of 50.8 cm (20 inches) from the screen, and on a 92 inch (234 cm) screen at 91.44 cm (3 feet) away. 8K resolution can also be used with the purpose of enhancing lesser resolution videos with a combination of cropping technique and/or with downsampling[2] technique used in video and film editing. Resolutions such as 8K allows filmmakers to shoot in a high resolution with a wide lens or at a further distance in the case of potentially dangerous subjects (such as in wildlife documentaries), by intending to zoom and crop digitally in post-production. In this, a portion of the original image is cropped to match a smaller resolution such as the current industry standard for high-definition televisions (4K, 1080p, and 720p).[3]

8K display resolution is the successor to 4K resolution. Full HD (1080p) is the current mainstream HD standard, with TV manufacturers pushing for 4K to become a new standard by 2017.[4] The feasibility of a fast transition to this new standard is often questionable in view of the absence of broadcasting resources.[5]

As of 2015, few cameras had the capability to shoot video in 8K, with NHK being one of the only companies to have created a small broadcasting camera with an 8K image sensor.[2] Sony and Red Digital Cinema Camera Company are among the others to be working on bringing a larger 8K sensor in more of their product range in coming years.[2] Until major sources are available, 8K is unlikely to become a mainstream resolution but filmmakers are pushing for 8K cameras in its advantage to get better 4K footage.

History

Astro Design 8K camera being displayed at the 2013 NAB Show
NHK and Hitachi demonstrating their 8K camera at the 2013 NAB Show

NHK was the first to start research and development of 4320p resolution in the year 1995, later on the format was standardized by SMPTE in Oct 2007, Interface standardized by SMPTE in August 2010 and Recommended as the international standard for television by lTU-R in 2012. Followed by public displays at electronics shows and screenings of Sochi Olympics Games & Public viewings on Feb 2014 and FIFA World Cup Brazil in June 2014 using HEVC with partners AstroDesign and Ikegami Electronics[6][7][8]

On January 6, 2015, the MHL Consortium announced the release of the superMHL specification which will support 8K resolution at 120 fps, 48-bit video, the Rec. 2020 color space, high dynamic range support, a 32-pin reversible superMHL connector, and power charging of up to 40 watts.[9][10][11]

On March 1, 2016, The Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) unveiled DisplayPort 1.4, a new format that lets the use of 8K resolution (7680×4320) at 60 Hz with HDRR and 32 audio channels through USB-C.[12]

First cameras

On April 6, 2013, Astro Design announced the AH-4800, capable of recording 8K resolution. In April 2015 it was announced by Red that their newly unveiled Red Weapon is also capable of recording 8K footage.

Productions

In 2007, the original 65 mm negative of the 1992 film Baraka was re-scanned at 8K with a film scanner built specifically for the job at FotoKem Laboratories, and used to remaster the 2008 Blu-ray release. Chicago Sun-Times critic Roger Ebert described the Blu-ray release as "the finest video disc I have ever viewed or ever imagined."[13] A similar 8K scan/4K intermediate digital restoration of Lawrence of Arabia was made for Blu-ray and theatrical re-release during 2012 by Sony Pictures to celebrate the film's 50th anniversary.[14][15] According to Grover Crisp, executive VP of restoration at Sony Pictures, the new 8K scan has such high resolution that when examined, showed a series of fine concentric lines in a pattern "reminiscent of a fingerprint" near the top of the frame. This was caused by the film emulsion melting and cracking in the desert heat during production. Sony had to hire a third party to minimise or eliminate the rippling artifacts in the new restored version.[14]

On May 17, 2013, the Franklin Institute premiered To Space and Back, an 8K×8K, 60 fps, 3D video running approximately 25 minutes. During its first run at the Fels Planetarium it was played at 4K, 60 fps.[16]

On November 2013, NHK screened the experimental-drama short film "The Chorus" at Tokyo Film Festival which was filmed in 8k and 22.2 sound format.[17]

On May 1, 2015, an 8K abstract computer animation was screened at the Filmatic Festival at the University of California, San Diego. The work was created as an assignment in the VIS 40/ICAM 40 Introduction to Computing in the Arts class taught at UCSD by Associate Teaching Professor Brett Stalbaum during the winter quarter of 2015, with each student producing 300 8192x4800 pixel frames. The work's music soundtrack was composed by Mark Matamoros.[18][19]

On January 6, 2016, director James Gunn stated that Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 will be the first (feature) film to be shot in 8K.[20]

Broadcasting

Japanese public broadcaster NHK began research and development on 8K in 1995, having spent over $1 billion on R & D since then.[21] Codenamed Super Hi-Vision, NHK also was simultaneously working on the development of 22.2 channel surround sound audio. The world's first 8K television was unveiled by Sharp at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in 2012.[22] Experimental transmissions of the resolution were tested with the London 2012 Olympic Games, and at the Cannes Film Festival showcasing Beauties À La Carte, a 27-minute short showcased publicly on a 220” screen. with a three-year roadmap that entails the launch of 8K test broadcasting in 2016 with plans to roll out full 8K services by 2018, aiming to provide broadcasting and services to the world’s highest standards by the year 2020 to coincide with the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.[23]

Resolutions

Resolution Display aspect ratio Megapixels
10240 × 4320 2.33:1 (64:27) 44.2
8192 × 4320 1.89:1 (17:9) 35.4
7680 × 4320 1.78:1 (16:9) 33.2
8192 × 5120 1.60:1 (16:10) 41.9
8192 × 8192 1.00:1 (1:1) 67.1

8K UHD is a resolution of 7680 × 4320 (33.2 megapixels) and is one of the two resolutions of ultra high definition television, the other being 4K UHD.[24] In 2013, a transmission network's capability to carry HDTV resolution was limited by internet speeds and relied on satellite broadcast to transmit the high data rates. The demand is expected to drive the adoption of video compression standards and to place significant pressure on physical communication networks in the near future.[25]

8K UHD has four times the horizontal and vertical resolution of the 1080p HDTV format, with sixteen times as many pixels overall.

8K fulldome

This chart shows the proportional scale differences from 1080p (1920×1080 pixels) to 8K×8K fulldome video.

8K fulldome is a resolution of 8192×8192 (67.1 megapixels) and is the resolution of top-end modern projection for hemispherical fulldome theatres often seen in planetaria.

Devices

Canon 8K Camera

TVs and monitors

Cameras

Fulldome

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 8K UHD cameras.
  1. ↑ Robert Silva. "8K Resolution - Definition and Explanation of 8K Video Resolution". About.com. Retrieved February 12, 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 Marine, Joe. "NHK Has Finally Shrunk Their 8K Resolution Camera, but How Close Are We to Shooting in 8K?". No Film School. Retrieved April 3, 2014.
  3. ↑ Bloom, Phillip. "From Chicago to the Moon: The power of 4K resolution and how to make it work for you creatively". Archived from the original on 2015-03-28. Retrieved April 3, 2014.
  4. ↑ Johnson, Luke. "Toshiba suggests 4K TVs will be mainstream by 2017". Trusted Reviews. Retrieved April 3, 2014.
  5. ↑ Roy Furchgott. "Why You Don't Need a 4K TV". The New York Times. Retrieved February 2, 2015.
  6. ↑ "The history of Super Hi-Vision". Archived from the original on 2016-08-12.
  7. ↑ "World's First Hand-Held 8K Ultra High Definition Television Camera System, Developed in Collaboration with Japan Broadcasting Corporation (NHK) (Press Release)". Ikegami. Archived from the original on 2016-08-22.
  8. ↑ "8K (SHV) Ultra High Resolution/High Definition Imaging". Archived from the original on 2016-04-03.
  9. ↑ "MHL Consortium Announces superMHL – the First Audio/Video Specification With Support Up to 8K". Yahoo Finance. January 6, 2015. Archived from the original on 2015-10-20. Retrieved January 10, 2015.
  10. ↑ Ryan Smith (January 6, 2015). "MHL Consortium Announces superMHL: New Standard & New Cable To Drive 8K TV". AnandTech. Retrieved January 10, 2015.
  11. ↑ "Introducing superMHL". MHL. Retrieved January 10, 2015.
  12. ↑ "VESA Publishes DisplayPort™ Standard Version 1.4 - DisplayPort". DisplayPort. Retrieved 2016-03-03.
  13. ↑ Ebert, Roger (2008-10-16). "Great Movies: Baraka (1992)". Chicago Sun-Times / rogerebert.com. Archived from the original on 17 December 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-15.
  14. 1 2 Rob Sabin (December 20, 2011). "Home Theater: Hollywood, The 4K Way". HomeTheater.com Ultimate Tech. Source Interlink Media. Retrieved February 24, 2013.
  15. ↑ Lawrence of Arabia on Blu-ray Later This Year. Blu-rayDefinition.com (June 12, 2012).
  16. ↑ "'To Space & Back' latest Planetarium feature". Philadelphia Tribune. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
  17. ↑ Aftab, Kaleem. "Introducing 8K: The Final Frontier? | Filmmaker Magazine". Retrieved 2016-08-22.
  18. ↑ First 8K – Filmatic Festival
  19. ↑ "ArtPower!'s Filmatic Festival to Explore the Intersection of Science and Cinema". UC San Diego News Center. Retrieved May 24, 2016.
  20. ↑ James Gunn on Twitter: "Very excited to announce Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 will be the first film to shoot using the RED Weapon 8k https://t.co/zxwHuykojN"
  21. ↑ Shilov, Anton. "NHK Shows World's First 8K Movie at Cannes Film Festival.". X Bit Labs. Retrieved April 3, 2014.
  22. ↑ Singal, Nidhi. "CES 2013: Sharp showcases world's first 8K TV". Business Today. Retrieved April 3, 2014.
  23. ↑ Super-Hi Vision Update: Answering the Eight Biggest Questions on NHK 8K Production Jason Dachman. Sports Video Group. Friday, October 16, 2015 - 2:44 pm
  24. ↑ "CES 2013: Sharp Demoes Double-UHD (8K) Set, Two 4K Sets, 21 New Aquos 3D Smart TVs". DailyTech.
  25. ↑ "High Efficiency Video Coding". Motion Pictures Experts Group. Retrieved December 10, 2013.
  26. ↑ BOE Reveal World’s Largest 8K Displays | Ubergizmo
  27. ↑ LG's 98-inch UH9800 is the world's first 8K HDR TV - Techradar India
  28. ↑ Samsung takes TVs to 8K with 98-inch curved set
  29. ↑ 8K TV solutions & Other Sightings : Cool gadgets and sightings at CES 2016 - HardwareZone.com.sg
  30. ↑ Changhong shows off 98-inch 8K 98ZHQ2R "Full UHD" display at CES 2016
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