72nd United States Congress

72nd United States Congress
71st   73rd

United States Capitol (1906)

Duration: March 4, 1931 – March 4, 1933

Senate President: Charles Curtis (R)
Senate Pres. pro tem: George H. Moses (R)
House Speaker: John N. Garner (D)
Members: 96 Senators
435 Representatives
5 Non-voting members
Senate Majority: Republican
House Majority: Democratic

Sessions
1st: December 7, 1931 – July 16, 1932
2nd: December 2, 1932 – March 3, 1933

The Seventy-second United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1931 to March 4, 1933, during the last two years of Herbert C. Hoover's presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Thirteenth Decennial Census of the United States in 1910. The Senate had a Republican majority, and the House had a Democratic majority.

Major events

Major legislation

Not enacted

Constitutional amendments

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

Party
(shading shows control)
Total Vacant
Democratic
(D)
Farmer-Labor
(FL)
Republican
(R)
End of the previous congress 41 1 54 96 0
Begin 46 1 48 95 1
End
Final voting share 48.4% 1.1% 50.5%
Beginning of the next congress 59 1 36 96 0

House of Representatives

Affiliation Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
Total
Democratic Farmer-Labor Republican Vacant
End of previous Congress 164 1 269 435 1
Begin 215 1 218 434 1
March 16, 1931 214 433 2
May 12, 1931 215 434 1
May 26, 1931 217 433 2
May 29, 1931 214 432 3
July 4, 1931 216 431 4
July 13, 1931 213 430 5
July 18, 1931 215 429 6
July 28, 1931 212 428 7
August 9, 1931 1 214 429 8
September 9, 1931 213 428 7
September 29, 1931 214 214 429 6
October 13, 1931 215 430 5
October 18, 1931 214 429 6
October 22, 1931 214 213 428 7
November 3, 1931 217 215 433 2
November 6, 1931 214 432 3
November 24, 1931 218 433 2
December 1, 1931
Beginning of first session
219 1 214 434 1
January 5, 1932 220 435 0
January 29, 1932 213 434 1
February 4, 1932 218 432 3
March 2, 1932 219 433 2
March 15, 1932 220 434 1
April 1, 1932 212 433 2
April 5, 1932 221 211
April 21, 1932 210 432 3
April 26, 1932 211 433 2
May 31, 1932 210 432 3
June 14, 1932 220 431 4
July 23, 1932 219 430 5
August 14, 1932 220 1 431 4
October 5, 1932 219 430 5
October 7, 1932 218 429 6
November 6, 1932 217 428 7
November 8, 1932 220 212 433 2
November 29, 1932 211 432 3
December 3, 1932 210 431 4
December 13, 1932 219 430 5
January 7, 1933 209 429 6
January 8, 1933 208 428 7
January 28, 1933 220 429 6
February 16, 1933 207 428 7
Final voting share 51.4% 0.2% 48.4%
Non-voting members 0 0 2 5 0
Beginning of next Congress 256 1 178 434 1

Leadership

President of the Senate
Charles Curtis (R)
Speaker of the House
John N. Garner (D)

Senate

Majority (Republican)

Minority (Democratic)

House Majority Leader Henry Rainey (D, left) and House Minority Leader Bertrand Snell (R, right), December 8, 1931

House of Representatives

Former-Speaker Nicholas Longworth (R), who died during this Congress

Republican Nicholas Longworth had served as Speaker in the previous Congress. He would have been re-elected as Speaker in this Congress had the House convened in March 1931, when Republicans had a tiny 3-seat majority. By December 7, 1931, when the first session of the Congress began, Democrats gained enough seats through deaths and special elections to take control and elect one of their own as Speaker. Longworth himself died on April 9, 1931, during this time between the beginning of the Congress and its first session.

Majority (Democratic)

Minority (Republican)

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and Representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Senators were elected every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1934; Class 2 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1936; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1932.

Alabama

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "At-large," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

(12-4 Democratic)

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Non-voting members

House seats by party holding plurality in state
  80.1-100% Democratic
  80.1-100% Republican
  60.1-80% Democratic
  60.1-80% Republican
  Up to 60% Democratic
  Up to 60% Republican

Changes in membership

Senate

State Senator Reason for Vacancy Successor Date of Successor's Installation
Louisiana
(2)
Vacant Long chose to remain as Governor of Louisiana until term expired. Huey Long (D) January 25, 1932
Vermont
(3)
Frank C. Partridge (R) Resigned March 31, 1931 after successor was elected. Warren Austin (R) April 1, 1931
New Jersey
(2)
Dwight Morrow (R) Died October 5, 1931.
Successor was appointed and later elected.
William W. Barbour (R) December 1, 1931
Arkansas
(3)
Thaddeus H. Caraway (D) Died November 6, 1931.
Successor was appointed to serve until the next election, and was subsequently elected.
Hattie Caraway (D) November 13, 1931
Georgia
(2)
William J. Harris (D) Died April 18, 1932.
Successor was appointed to serve until the next election.
John S. Cohen (D) April 25, 1932
Colorado
(3)
Charles W. Waterman (R) Died August 27, 1932.
Successor was appointed to serve until the next election.
Walter Walker (D) September 16, 1932
Washington
(3)
Wesley L. Jones (R) Died November 19, 1932.
Successor was appointed to serve until the term ended.
Elijah S. Grammer (R) November 22, 1932
North Carolina
(3)
Cameron A. Morrison (D) Served until December 4, 1932, when the successor was elected. Robert R Reynolds (D) December 5, 1932
Colorado
(3)
Walter Walker (D) Resigned December 6, 1932, when the successor was elected. Karl C. Schuyler (R) December 7, 1932
Georgia
(2)
John S. Cohen (D) Resigned January 11, 1933, when the successor was elected. Richard Russell, Jr. (D) January 12, 1933
Missouri
(3)
Harry B. Hawes (D) Resigned February 3, 1933.
Successor was appointed early after having been elected.
Bennett Champ Clark (D) December 7, 1932
Montana
(2)
Thomas J. Walsh (D) Died March 2, 1933
Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Vacant

House of Representatives

District Vacator Reason for Vacancy Successor Date of successor's installation
Wisconsin 1st Vacant Representative Henry A. Cooper (R) died in previous congress. Thomas R. Amlie (R) October 13, 1931
Louisiana 8th James B. Aswell (D) Died March 16, 1931 John H. Overton (D) May 12, 1931
New York 7th Matthew V. O'Malley (R) Representative-elect died May 26, 1931 John J. Delaney (D) November 3, 1931
Ohio 20th Charles A. Mooney (D) Died May 29, 1931 Martin L. Sweeney (D) November 3, 1931
Pennsylvania 2nd George S. Graham (R) Died July 4, 1931 Edward L. Stokes (R) November 3, 1931
Georgia 1st Charles G. Edwards (D) Died July 13, 1931 Homer C. Parker (D) September 9, 1931
Michigan 8th Bird J. Vincent (R) Died July 18, 1931 Michael J. Hart (D) November 3, 1931
Missouri 7th Samuel C. Major (D) Died July 28, 1931 Robert D. Johnson (D) September 29, 1931
Ohio 1st Nicholas Longworth (R) Speaker of the House died August 9, 1931 John B. Hollister (R) November 3, 1931
New Jersey 5th Ernest R. Ackerman (R) Died October 18, 1931 Percy H. Stewart (D) December 1, 1931
New Hampshire 1st Fletcher Hale (R) Died October 22, 1931 William N. Rogers (D) January 5, 1932
Texas 14th Harry M. Wurzbach (R) Died November 6, 1931 Richard M. Kleberg (D) November 24, 1931
Pennsylvania 20th James R. Leech (R) Resigned January 29, 1932 to become a member of the United States Board of Tax Appeals Howard W. Stull (R) April 26, 1932
Mississippi 7th Percy Quin (D) Died February 4, 1932 Lawrence R. Ellzey (D) March 15, 1932
Georgia 6th Samuel Rutherford (D) Died February 4, 1932 Carlton Mobley (D) March 2, 1932
Indiana 8th Albert H. Vestal (R) Died April 1, 1932 Seat remained vacant until next Congress.
Illinois 8th Peter C. Granata (R) Lost contested election April 5, 1932 Stanley H. Kunz (D) April 5, 1932
Puerto Rico At-large Félix Córdova Dávila resigned April 11, 1932 to become Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico José Lorenzo Pesquera April 15, 1932
Pennsylvania 18th Edward M. Beers (R) Died April 21, 1932 Joseph F. Biddle (R) November 8, 1932
Pennsylvania 6th George A. Welsh (R) Resigned May 31, 1932 to become judge for the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania Robert L. Davis (R) November 8, 1932
Tennessee 7th Edward E. Eslick (D) Died June 14, 1932 Willa McCord Blake Eslick (D) August 14, 1932
Virginia 10th Henry St. George Tucker III (D) Died July 23, 1932 Joel W. Flood (D) November 8, 1932
Maryland 4th J. Charles Linthicum (D) Died October 5, 1932 Ambrose J. Kennedy (D) November 8, 1932
Georgia 3rd Charles R. Crisp (D) Resigned October 7, 1932 to become a member of the US Tariff Commission Bryant T. Castellow (D) November 8, 1932
Illinois 22nd Charles A. Karch (D) Resigned November 6, 1932 Seat remained vacant until next Congress.
Michigan 9th James C. McLaughlin (R) Died November 29, 1932 Seat remained vacant until next Congress.
Connecticut 3rd John Q. Tilson (R) Resigned December 3, 1932 Seat remained vacant until next Congress.
Texas 8th Daniel E. Garrett (D) Died December 13, 1932 Joe H. Eagle (D) January 28, 1933
Oregon 2nd Robert R. Butler (R) Died January 7, 1933 Seat remained vacant until next Congress.
Pennsylvania 24th Samuel A. Kendall (R) Died January 8, 1933 Seat remained vacant until next Congress.
Minnesota 10th Godfrey G. Goodwin (R) Died February 16, 1933 Seat remained vacant until next Congress.

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Employees

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

References

External links

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