1995 Tour de France

1995 Tour de France
Route of the 1995 Tour de France
Race details
Dates 1–23 July
Stages 20 + Prologue
Distance 3,635 km (2,259 mi)
Winning time 92h 44' 59"
Results
Winner  Miguel Indurain (ESP) (Banesto)
Second  Alex Zülle (SUI) (ONCE)
Third  Bjarne Riis (DEN) (Gewiss–Ballan)
Points  Laurent Jalabert (FRA) (ONCE)
Mountains  Richard Virenque (FRA) (Festina–Lotus)
Youth  Marco Pantani (ITA) (Carrera Jeans–Tassoni)
Team ONCE

The 1995 Tour de France was the 82nd Tour de France, taking place from 1 to 23 July. It was Miguel Indurain's fifth and final victory in the Tour. On the fifteenth stage Italian rider Fabio Casartelli died after an accident on the Col de Portet d'Aspet.

The points classification was won by Laurent Jalabert, while Richard Virenque won the mountains classification. Marco Pantani won the young rider classification, and ONCE won the team classification.

Lance Armstrong's best finish in the Tour de France went down to his 36th-place finish in 1995, after his results from August 1998 to August 2012, including his seven Tour titles were stripped on October 22, 2012.[1][2]

Teams

For a more comprehensive list, see List of teams and cyclists in the 1995 Tour de France.

There were 21 teams in the 1995 Tour de France, each composed of 9 cyclists.[3] The teams were selected in two rounds. In May 1995, the first fifteen teams were announced.[4] In June, five wildcards were announced.[5] Shortly before the start,Le Groupement folded because their team leader Luc Leblanc was injured,[6] and because of financial problems. Their spot went to Aki–Gipiemme, the first team in the reserve list.[7] Additionally, the organisation decided to invite one extra team: a combined team of Team Telekom and ZG Mobili, with six riders from Telekom and three from ZG Mobili.[8]

The teams entering the race were:

Qualified teams

Invited teams

Pre-race favourites

Banesto's Indurain, the winner of the four previous Tours, was the clear favourite for the overall victory. His main challengers were expected to be Rominger from Mapei, Berzin from Gewiss and Zülle from ONCE.[6]

Route and stages

The 1995 Tour de France started on 1 July, and had two rest days, the first at 10 July when the cyclists were transferred from Seraing to Le Grand-Bornand, and the second on 17 July in Saint-Girons.[9]

Stage characteristics and winners[3][9][10]
Stage Date Course Distance Type Winner
P 1 July Saint-Brieuc 7.3 km (4.5 mi) Individual time trial  Jacky Durand (FRA)
1 2 July Dinan to Lannion 233.5 km (145.1 mi) Plain stage  Fabio Baldato (ITA)
2 3 July Perros-Guirec to Vitre 235.5 km (146.3 mi) Plain stage  Mario Cipollini (ITA)
3 4 July Mayenne to Alençon 67.0 km (41.6 mi) Team time trial  Gewiss–Ballan
4 5 July Alençon to Le Havre 162.0 km (100.7 mi) Plain stage  Mario Cipollini (ITA)
5 6 July Fécamp to Dunkirk 261.0 km (162.2 mi) Plain stage  Jeroen Blijlevens (NED)
6 7 July Dunkirk to Charleroi (Belgium) 202.0 km (125.5 mi) Plain stage  Erik Zabel (GER)
7 8 July Charleroi (Belgium) to Liège (Belgium) 203.0 km (126.1 mi) Hilly stage  Johan Bruyneel (BEL)
8 9 July Huy (Belgium) to Seraing (Belgium) 54.0 km (33.6 mi) Individual time trial  Miguel Indurain (ESP)
10 July Le Grand-Bornand Rest day
9 11 July Le Grand-Bornand to La Plagne 160.0 km (99.4 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Alex Zülle (SUI)
10 12 July La Plagne to L'Alpe d'Huez 162.5 km (101.0 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Marco Pantani (ITA)
11 13 July Le Bourg-d'Oisans to Saint-Étienne 199.0 km (123.7 mi) Hilly stage  Maximilian Sciandri (GBR)
12 14 July Saint-Étienne to Mende 222.5 km (138.3 mi) Hilly stage  Laurent Jalabert (FRA)
13 15 July Mende to Revel 245.0 km (152.2 mi) Plain stage  Serhiy Utchakov (UKR)
14 16 July Saint-Orens-de-Gameville to Guzet-Neige 164.0 km (101.9 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Marco Pantani (ITA)
15 July Saint-Girons Rest day
15 18 July Saint-Girons to Cauterets 206.0 km (128.0 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Richard Virenque (FRA)
16 19 July Tarbes to Pau 149.0 km (92.6 mi) Stage with mountain(s) Cancelled
17 20 July Pau to Bordeaux 246.0 km (152.9 mi) Plain stage  Erik Zabel (GER)
18 21 July Montpon-Ménestérol to Limoges 166.5 km (103.5 mi) Plain stage  Lance Armstrong (USA)
19 22 July Lac de Vassivière to Lac de Vassivière 46.5 km (28.9 mi) Individual time trial  Miguel Indurain (ESP)
20 23 July Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois to Paris (Champs-Élysées) 155.0 km (96.3 mi) Plain stage  Djamolidine Abduzhaparov (UZB)
Total 3,635 km (2,259 mi)[11]

Race overview

Miguel Indurain (pictured at the 1993 Tour), winner of the general classification

The first riders in the prologue rode in sunny weather, but then it started to rain, and the riders who started late had to ride on slippery roads. Chris Boardman, a big favourite for the prologue and an outsider for the overall classification, crashed during his ride, was then hit by his team's car, and had to abandon due to injury. The winner of the prologue was Jacky Durand, one of the early starters.[12]

Durand stayed in the lead until the third stage, when Laurent Jalabert overtook him due to time bonuses won in intermediate sprints. Jalabert kept the yellow jersey for two stages, losing it due to a crash in the fourth stage. Ivan Gotti, member of the Gewiss-team that had won the team time trial in stage three, became the new leader.[12] A surprising attack from Indurain in stage seven changed the standings. Indurain attacked in the hilly Ardennes, and only Johan Bruyneel was able to follow him. Indurain did all the work, creating a margin of almost one minute, and Bruyneel only followed him, but beat Indurain in the sprint, winning the stage and becoming the new leader.[12] Indurain was now in second place in the general classification, and after winning the time trial in the eighth stage, he became the new leader. His closest rival in the overall classification was Bjarne Riis at 23 seconds, the others were more than two minutes behind.[12]

The Tour then reached the high mountains in stage nine. Zülle escaped, and created a margin of several minutes. Indurain calmly chased him until the final climb, where he sped away from the others. Zülle won the stage and jumped to the second place in the overall classification, but Indurain won minutes on all other cyclists.[12] The tenth stage was again in the high mountains. Pantani, already irrelevant for the overall classification, won the stage; behind him Indurain, Zülle and Riis finished together.[12]

Stage twelve was not expected to be relevant for the general classification. But when Laurent Jalabert attacked early in the stage, this changed. Jalabert was a team mate of second-placed Zülle, and he was sixth in the general classification, more than nine minutes behind Indurain. Jalabert was joined by three other cyclists, of which two team mates. One of them, Melchior Mauri, was in eighth place, and was himself also a threat. The team mates worked together well, and when they were more than ten minutes ahead, Jalabert was the virtual leader. At that moment, Indurain's Banesto team and Riis' Gewiss team started to work together to close the gap. They reduced it to almost six minutes, which meant that Jalabert jumped to third place in the general classification. ONCE now had three cyclists in the top five: Zülle in second place, Jalabert in fourth place and Mauri in fifth place.[12]

The Pyrenées were reached in stage fourteen. Pantani again showed his strengths in the mountains, winning the stage. The other favourites stayed more or less together, so there were no big changes in the general classification.[12]

In the fifteenth stage, Richard Virenque escaped early in the stage, reaching all six tops in the stage first, and won the stage. Behind him, several cyclists crashed on the descent of the Portet d'Aspet, including Fabio Casartelli. Casartelli's head hit a concrete barrier at high speed without wearing a helmet, and was declared dead in the hospital.[12]

Out of respect for Casartelli, the sixteenth stage was raced non-competitively. Casartelli's team mates from Motorola were allowed to cross the finish line first. The eighteenth stage was won by Lance Armstrong, a team mate of Casartelli. Armstrong dedicated this stage victory to Casartelli.[12] Indurain was still leading firmly, and extended his lead by winning the last time trial.

Classification leadership

There were several classifications in the 1995 Tour de France. The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour.[13]

Additionally, there was a points classification, which awarded a green jersey. In the points classification, cyclists got points for finishing among the best in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.[13]

There was also a mountains classification. The organisation had categorized some climbs as either hors catégorie, first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorized climbs. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a polkadot jersey.[13]

The fourth individual classification was the young rider classification, which was not marked by a jersey. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders under 26 years were eligible.[13]

For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time.[14]

For the combativity award classification, a jury gave points after each stage to the cyclists they considered most combative. The cyclist with the most votes in all stages lead the classification.

Classification leadership by stage
Stage Winner General classification
A yellow jersey.		 Points classification
A green jersey		 Mountains classification
A white jersey with red polka dots.		 Young rider classification[n 1] Team classification
P Jacky Durand Jacky Durand Jacky Durand Arsenio Gonzalez Gabriele Colombo Castorama
1 Fabio Baldato Fabio Baldato François Simon
2 Mario Cipollini Laurent Jalabert Djamolidine Abdoujaparov Dirk Baldinger
3 Gewiss-Ballan Gabriele Colombo Gewiss-Ballan
4 Mario Cipollini Ivan Gotti Mario Cipollini Evgeni Berzin
5 Jeroen Blijlevens Dimitri Konyshev
6 Erik Zabel Bjarne Riis Djamolidine Abdoujaparov
7 Johan Bruyneel Johan Bruyneel Laurent Jalabert Richard Virenque
8 Miguel Indurain Miguel Indurain
9 Alex Zülle Marco Pantani ONCE
10 Marco Pantani
11 Max Sciandri
12 Laurent Jalabert
13 Serguei Outschakov
14 Marco Pantani
15 Richard Virenque
16 –
17 Erik Zabel
18 Lance Armstrong
19 Miguel Indurain
20 Djamolidine Abdoujaparov
Final Miguel Indurain Laurent Jalabert Richard Virenque Marco Pantani ONCE
  • In stage 1, Thierry Laurent wore the green jersey.
  • Stage 16 was annulled after Fabio Casartelli died during stage 15. The peloton rode the stage slowly and allowed Casartelli's teammates, riding side-by-side, to cross the finish line first.

Final standings

Legend
A yellow jersey. Denotes the winner of the general classification A green jersey. Denotes the winner of the points classification
A white jersey with red polka dots. Denotes the winner of the mountains classification

General classification

Final general classification (1–10)[3]
Rank Rider Team Time
1  Miguel Indurain (ESP) A yellow jersey. Banesto 92h 44' 59"
2  Alex Zülle (SUI) ONCE + 4' 35"
3  Bjarne Riis (DEN) Gewiss–Ballan + 6' 47"
4  Laurent Jalabert (FRA) A green jersey. ONCE + 8' 24"
5  Ivan Gotti (ITA) Gewiss–Ballan + 11' 33"
6  Melchor Mauri (ESP) ONCE + 15' 20"
7  Fernando Escartin (ESP) Mapei–GB–Latexco + 15' 49"
8  Toni Rominger (SUI) Mapei–GB–Latexco + 16' 46"
9  Richard Virenque (FRA) A white jersey with red polka dots. Festina–Lotus + 17' 31"
10  Hernán Buenahora (COL) Kelme–Sureña + 18' 50"

Points classification

Final points classification (1–10)[3][16]
Rank Rider Team Points
1  Laurent Jalabert (FRA) A green jersey. ONCE 333
2  Djamolidine Abduzhaparov (UZB) Novell–Decca–Colnago 271
3  Miguel Indurain (ESP) A yellow jersey. Banesto 180
4  Bjarne Riis (DEN) Gewiss–Ballan 175
5  Erik Zabel (GER) Team Telekom–ZG Mobili 168
6  Giovanni Lombardi (ITA) Polti–Granarolo–Santini 144
7  Bo Hamburger (DEN) TVM–Polis Direct 103
8  Maximilian Sciandri (GBR) MG Maglificio–Technogym 102
9  Andrea Ferrigato (ITA) Team Telekom–ZG Mobili 97
10  Andrei Tchmil (BEL) Lotto–Isoglass 95

Mountains classification

Final mountains classification (1–10)[3][16]
Rank Rider Team Points
1  Richard Virenque (FRA) A white jersey with red polka dots. Festina–Lotus 438
2  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) Carrera Jeans–Tassoni 214
3  Alex Zülle (SUI) ONCE 205
4  Miguel Indurain (ESP) A yellow jersey. Banesto 198
5  Hernán Buenahora (COL) Kelme–Sureña 177
6  Marco Pantani (ITA) Carrera Jeans–Tassoni 142
7  Laurent Dufaux (SUI) Festina–Lotus 132
8  Fernando Escartin (ESP) Mapei–GB–Latexco 121
9  Laurent Brochard (FRA) Festina–Lotus 104
10  Federico Muñoz (COL) Kelme–Sureña 101

Young rider classification

Final young rider classification (1–10)[3]
Rank Rider Team Time
1  Marco Pantani (ITA) Carrera Jeans–Tassoni 93h 11' 19"
2  Bo Hamburger (DEN) TVM–Polis Direct + 8' 29"
3  Beat Zberg (SUI) Carrera Jeans–Tassoni + 40' 48"
4  Lance Armstrong (USA) Motorola + 1h 01' 46"
5  Georg Totschnig (AUT) Polti–Granarolo–Santini + 1h 03' 27"
6  Andrea Peron (ITA) Motorola + 1h 15' 58"
7  Gabriele Colombo (ITA) Gewiss–Ballan + 1h 30' 54"
8  Didier Rous (FRA) Carrera Jeans–Tassoni + 1h 41' 19"
9  Erik Dekker (NED) Novell–Decca–Colnago + 2h 12' 08"
10  Marco Milesi (ITA) Brescialat–Fago + 2h 27' 50"

Team classification

Final team classification (1–10)[3][16]
Rank Team Time
1 ONCE 278h 29' 35"
2 Gewiss–Ballan + 13' 23"
3 Mapei–GB–Latexco + 55' 53"
4 Festina–Lotus + 1h 17' 05"
5 Carrera Jeans–Tassoni + 1h 23' 31"
6 Banesto + 1h 54' 11"
7 Kelme–Sureña + 2h 01' 09"
8 Castorama + 3h 03' 39"
9 Motorola + 3h 17' 31"
10 Brescialat–Fago + 3h 28' 02"

Combativity classification

Final combativity classification (1–3)[3]
Rank Rider Team Points
1  Hernán Buenahora (COL) Kelme–Sureña 36
2  Richard Virenque (FRA) A white jersey with red polka dots. Festina–Lotus 30
3  Laurent Jalabert (FRA) A green jersey. ONCE 30

Notes and references

Footnotes

  1. ↑ The white jersey was not awarded between 1989 and 1999.[15]

References

  1. ↑ Walsh, David (October 22, 2012). "Covering Lance Armstrong was a wild ride, but the truth came out". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved April 26, 2014.
  2. ↑ "Lance Armstrong Receives Lifetime Ban And Disqualification Of Competitive Results For Doping Violations Stemming From His Involvement In The United States Postal Service Pro-Cycling Team Doping Conspiracy - U.S. Anti-Doping Agency (USADA)". 24 August 2012.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "82ème Tour de France 1995" (in French). Mémoire du cyclisme. Archived from the original on 22 March 2012. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
  4. ↑ "Deelname TVM aan Tour is nog onzeker". Leeuwarder Courant (in Dutch). De krant van toen. 19 May 1995. p. 21. Retrieved 24 April 2013.
  5. ↑ "Ploeg TVM naar Tour de France". Leeuwarder Courant (in Dutch). De krant van toen. ANP. 13 June 1995. p. 21. Retrieved 24 April 2013.
  6. 1 2 "Startlist for the 1995 Tour de France". Cyclingnews. 1995.
  7. ↑ "21 equipos, 189 hombres" (in Spanish). El Mundo Deportivo. 29 June 1995. p. 39. Retrieved 24 April 2013.
  8. ↑ "Tourdirectie komt ZG en Telekom tegemoet" (in Dutch). Volkskrant. 17 June 1995. Retrieved 24 April 2013.
  9. 1 2 Historical guide 2016, p. 86.
  10. ↑ Zwegers, Arian. "Tour de France GC Top Ten". CVCC. Archived from the original on 10 June 2009. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
  11. ↑ Historical guide 2016, p. 110.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 McGann, Bill; McGann, Carol (2008). The Story of the Tour De France: 1965-2007. Dog Ear Publishing. pp. 220–227. ISBN 1-59858-608-4. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
  13. 1 2 3 4 Christian, Sarah (2 July 2009). "Tour de France demystified - Evaluating success". RoadCycling.co.nz Ltd. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  14. ↑ Chauner, David; Halstead, Michael (1990). The Tour de France Complete Book of Cycling. Villard. ISBN 0679729364. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  15. ↑ Mallon, Bill; Heijmans, Jeroen (9 September 2011). Historical Dictionary of Cycling. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. p. 230. ISBN 978-0-8108-7369-8.
  16. 1 2 3 Culot, Jacques (24 July 1995). "Le rouleur au lac et le sprinter auxh Champs (19e et 20e étapes)" (in French). Le Soir. p. 19. Retrieved 12 May 2013.

Sources

External links

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