1993 Tour de France

1993 Tour de France
Route of the 1993 Tour de France
Race details
Dates 3–25 July
Stages 20 + Prologue
Distance 3,714 km (2,308 mi)
Winning time 95h 57' 09"
Results
Winner  Miguel Indurain (ESP) (Banesto)
Second  Tony Rominger (SUI) (Clas–Cajastur)
Third  Zenon Jaskuła (POL) (GB–MG Maglificio)
Points  Djamolidine Abdoujaparov (UZB) (Lampre–Polti)
Mountains  Tony Rominger (SUI) (Clas–Cajastur)
Youth  Antonio Martín (ESP) (Amaya Seguros)
Team Carrera Jeans–Tassoni

The 1993 Tour de France was the 80th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 3 to 25 July. It consisted of 20 stages, over a distance of 3,714 km (2,308 mi).

The winner of the previous two years, Miguel Indurain, successfully defended his title. The points classification was won by Djamolidine Abdoujaparov, while the mountains classification was won by Tony Rominger.

Teams

For a more comprehensive list, see List of teams and cyclists in the 1993 Tour de France.

The organisers of the Tour, Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO), felt that it was no longer safe to have 198 cyclists in the race, as more and more traffic islands had been made, so the total number of teams was reduced from 22 to 20,[1] composing of 9 cyclists.[2] The first 14 teams were selected in May 1993, based on the FICP ranking.[3] In June 1993, six additional wildcards were given; one of which was given to a combination of two teams, Chazal–Vetta–MBK and Subaru.[4] The Subaru team did not want to be part of a mixed team, so Chazal was allowed to send a full team.[5]

The teams entering the race were:

Qualified teams

Invited teams

Pre-race favourites

The defending champion Miguel Indurain was the big favourite, having won the 1993 Giro d'Italia earlier that year.[6]

Route and stages

The route was unveiled in October 1992. Most team directors expected it to be more difficult than the 1992 Tour de France.[1]

Stage characteristics and winners[2][7][8]
Stage Date Course Distance Type Winner
P 3 July Le Puy du Fou 6.8 km (4.2 mi) Individual time trial  Miguel Indurain (ESP)
1 4 July Luçon to Les Sables-d'Olonne 215.0 km (133.6 mi) Plain stage  Mario Cipollini (ITA)
2 5 July Les Sables-d'Olonne to Vannes 227.5 km (141.4 mi) Plain stage  Wilfried Nelissen (BEL)
3 6 July Vannes to Dinard 189.5 km (117.7 mi) Plain stage  Djamolidine Abdoujaparov (UZB)
4 7 July Dinard to Avranches 81.0 km (50.3 mi) Team time trial  GB–MG Maglificio
5 8 July Avranches to Évreux 225.5 km (140.1 mi) Plain stage  Jesper Skibby (DEN)
6 9 July Évreux to Amiens 158.0 km (98.2 mi) Plain stage  Johan Bruyneel (BEL)
7 10 July Péronne to Châlons-sur-Marne 199.0 km (123.7 mi) Plain stage  Bjarne Riis (DEN)
8 11 July Châlons-sur-Marne to Verdun 184.5 km (114.6 mi) Plain stage  Lance Armstrong (USA)
9 12 July Lac de Madine 59.0 km (36.7 mi) Individual time trial  Miguel Indurain (ESP)
13 July Villard-de-Lans Rest day
10 14 July Villard-de-Lans to Serre Chevalier 203.0 km (126.1 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Toni Rominger (SUI)
11 15 July Serre Chevalier to Isola 2000 179.0 km (111.2 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Toni Rominger (SUI)
12 16 July Isola to Marseille 286.5 km (178.0 mi) Plain stage  Fabio Roscioli (ITA)
13 17 July Marseille to Montpellier 181.5 km (112.8 mi) Plain stage  Olaf Ludwig (GER)
14 18 July Montpellier to Perpignan 223.0 km (138.6 mi) Plain stage  Pascal Lino (FRA)
15 19 July Perpignan to Pal 231.5 km (143.8 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Oliverio Rincón (COL)
20 July Andorra Rest day
16 21 July Andorra to Saint-Lary-Soulan Pla d'Adet 230.0 km (142.9 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Zenon Jaskuła (POL)
17 22 July Tarbes to Pau 190.0 km (118.1 mi) Stage with mountain(s)  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA)
18 23 July Orthez to Bordeaux 199.5 km (124.0 mi) Plain stage  Djamolidine Abdoujaparov (UZB)
19 24 July Brétigny-sur-Orge to Montlhéry 48.0 km (29.8 mi) Individual time trial  Toni Rominger (SUI)
20 25 July Viry-Châtillon to Paris (Champs-Élysées) 196.5 km (122.1 mi) Plain stage  Djamolidine Abdoujaparov (UZB)
Total 3,714 km (2,308 mi)[9]

Race overview

The group containing Miguel Indurain, wearing the yellow jersey as leader of the general classification, on the Col du Galibier in stage ten
Miguel Indurain in the penultimate stage's individual time trial

The 1993 Tour started in the same way as the 1992 Tour: Indurain won, with Alex Zülle in second place.[6] The next stages were flat, and all finished in mass sprints. After the second stage, sprinter Wilfried Nelissen had collected enough time bonuses to become leader in the general classification.[6]

The team time trial in stage four was the first stage with significant effects on the general classification. Banesto (Indurain's team) came in seventh, losing more than one minute, but the biggest loser was Tony Rominger, whose Clas team lost more than three minutes.[6]

The contenders for the overall victory saved their energy in the next few stages, and cyclists who would not be a threat in the mountains were allowed to break away, with only the sprinters' teams trying to get them back. The sixth stage was run with an average speed of almost 49.5 kilometres per hour (30.8 mph), at that moment the fastest mass-start stage in the Tour.[6]

In the ninth stage, an individual time trial, the general classification changed. Indurain was a lot faster than the other cyclists, winning the stage with a margin of more than two minutes, and became the new leader in the general classification.[6]

The next stages were in the Alps. Tony Rominger attacked, trying to win back time. Although he was able to win the stage, Indurain had followed him closely, so Rominger did not win back any time. Other pre-race favourites lost considerable time this stage and were no longer in contention, such as Claudio Chiappucci, who lost more than eight minutes.[6]

In the eleventh stage, Rominger tried it again. But again, Indurain stayed with him. Rominger won the stage again, but the margin to Indurain stayed the same. Rominger did jump to the fourth place in the general classification, because Erik Breukink lost almost ten minutes.[6]

The next three stages were relatively flat, and the top of the general classification stayed the same. In the fifteenth stage, Pyrenean climbs were included. The stage was won by Oliverio Rincón, the only survivor of an early breakaway. Behind him, Rominger again tried to get away from Indurain, but was unable to do so.[6]

In the sixteenth stage, again in the Pyreneés, Rominger was finally able to get away from Indurain, but the margin was only three seconds. The seventeenth stage was the last stage with serious climbs, so the last realistic opportunity to win back time on Indurain, but this did not happen, so it seemed certain that Indurain would become the winner.[6]

The rest of the podium was determined in the individual time trial in stage 19. It was won by Rominger, with Indurain in second place. Rominger thus climbed to the second place in the general classification.

Classification leadership

There were several classifications in the 1993 Tour de France. The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour.[10]

Additionally, there was a points classification, which awarded a green jersey. In the points classification, cyclists got points for finishing among the best in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.[10]

There was also a mountains classification. The organisation had categorized some climbs as either hors catégorie, first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorized climbs. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a polkadot jersey.[10]

The fourth individual classification was the young rider classification, which was not marked by a jersey. This was decided the same way as the general classification, but only riders under 26 years were eligible.[10]

For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time.[11]

For the combativity award classification, a jury gave points after each stage to the cyclists they considered most combative. The cyclist with the most votes in all stages lead the classification. The fair-play award was given to Gianni Bugno.[2]

Classification leadership by stage
Stage Winner General classification
A yellow jersey.		 Points classification
A green jersey		 Mountains classification
A white jersey with red polka dots.		 Young rider classification[n 1] Team classification
P Miguel Indurain Miguel Indurain Miguel Indurain François Simon Alex Zülle ONCE
1 Mario Cipollini Mario Cipollini
2 Wilfried Nelissen Wilfried Nelissen Wilfried Nelissen Wilfried Nelissen
3 Djamolidine Abdoujaparov Laurent Desbiens
4 GB–MG Maglificio Mario Cipollini
5 Jesper Skibby Wilfried Nelissen Davide Cassani
6 Johan Bruyneel Mario Cipollini
7 Bjarne Riis Johan Museeuw Mario Cipollini Bjarne Riis Motorola
8 Lance Armstrong Davide Cassani
9 Miguel Indurain Miguel Indurain Alex Zülle ONCE
10 Tony Rominger
11 Tony Rominger Djamolidine Abdoujaparov Tony Rominger Oliverio Rincón Ariostea
12 Fabio Roscioli Carrera Jeans–Tassoni
13 Olaf Ludwig
14 Pascal Lino
15 Oliverio Rincón
16 Zenon Jaskuła Antonio Martín
17 Claudio Chiappucci
18 Djamolidine Abdoujaparov
19 Tony Rominger
20 Djamolidine Abdoujaparov
Final Miguel Indurain Djamolidine Abdoujaparov Tony Rominger Antonio Martín Carrera Jeans–Tassoni

Final standings

Legend
A yellow jersey. Denotes the winner of the general classification A green jersey. Denotes the winner of the points classification
A white jersey with red polka dots. Denotes the winner of the mountains classification

General classification

Final general classification (1–10)[2]
Rank Rider Team Time
1  Miguel Indurain (ESP) A yellow jersey. Banesto 95h 57' 09"
2  Toni Rominger (SUI) A white jersey with red polka dots. Clas–Cajastur + 4' 59"
3  Zenon Jaskuła (POL) GB–MG Maglificio + 5' 48"
4  Alvaro Mejia (COL) Motorola + 7' 29"
5  Bjarne Riis (DEN) Ariostea + 16' 26"
6  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) Carrera Jeans–Tassoni + 17' 18"
7  Johan Bruyneel (BEL) ONCE + 18' 04"
8  Andrew Hampsten (USA) Motorola + 20' 14"
9  Pedro Delgado (ESP) Banesto + 23' 57"
10  Vladimir Poulnikov (RUS) Carrera Jeans–Tassoni + 25' 29"

Points classification

Final points classification (1–10)[2]
Rank Rider Team Points
1  Djamolidine Abduzhaparov (UZB) A green jersey. Lampre–Polti 298
2  Johan Museeuw (BEL) GB–MG Maglificio 157
3  Maximilian Sciandri (GBR) Motorola 153
4  François Simon (FRA) Castorama 149
5  Christophe Capelle (FRA) GAN 147
6  Frédéric Moncassin (FRA) WordPerfect–Colnago–Decca 145
7  Miguel Indurain (ESP) A yellow jersey. Banesto 136
8  Bjarne Riis (DEN) Ariostea 133
9  Toni Rominger (SUI) A white jersey with red polka dots. Clas–Cajastur 126
10  Stefano Colagè (ITA) ZG Mobili–Sidi 120

Mountains classification

Final mountains classification (1–10)[2]
Rank Rider Team Points
1  Toni Rominger (SUI) A white jersey with red polka dots. Clas–Cajastur 449
2  Claudio Chiappucci (ITA) Carrera Jeans–Tassoni 301
3  Oliviero Rincón (COL) Amaya Seguros 286
4  Miguel Indurain (ESP) A yellow jersey. Banesto 239
5  Richard Virenque (FRA) Festina–Lotus 191
6  Alvaro Mejia (COL) Motorola 187
7  Davide Cassani (ITA) Ariostea 155
8  Zenon Jaskuła (POL) GB–MG Maglificio 153
9  Leonardo Sierra (VEN) ZG Mobili–Sidi 136
10  Bjarne Riis (DEN) Ariostea 113

Young rider classification

Final young rider classification (1–10)[2]
Rank Rider Team Time
1  Antonio Martín (ESP) Amaya Seguros 96h 27' 00"
2  Oliviero Rincón (COL) Amaya Seguros + 3' 28"
3  Richard Virenque (FRA) Festina–Lotus + 8' 21"
4  Fernando Escartín (ESP) Clas–Cajastur + 23' 18"
5  Bo Hamburger (DEN) TVM–Bison Kit + 23' 51"
6  Leonardo Sierra (VEN) ZG Mobili–Sidi + 31' 44"
7  Dimitri Zhdanov (RUS) Novemail–Histor + 45' 26"
8  Alex Zülle (SUI) ONCE + 49' 07"
9  Laurent Brochard (FRA) Castorama + 50' 26"
10  Eddy Bouwmans (NED) Novemail–Histor + 53' 21"

Team classification

Final team classification (1–10)[2]
Rank Team Time
1 Carrera Jeans–Tassoni Jeans-Tassoni 288h 09' 5322
2 Ariostea + 47' 40"
3 Clas–Cajastur + 48' 49"
4 Festina–Lotus + 1h 08' 42"
5 Banesto + 1h 08' 57"
6 GB–MG Maglificio Maglificio + 1h 13' 59"
7 Motorola + 1h 27' 22"
8 ZG Mobili–Sidi-Sidi + 1h 35' 03"
9 Amaya Seguros + 1h 48' 48"
10 ONCE + 1h 51' 12"

Combativity classification

Final combativity classification (1–3)[2]
Rank Rider Team Points
1  Massimo Ghirotto (ITA) ZG Mobili–Sidi 34
2  Bjarne Riis (DEN) Ariostea 25
3  Jacky Durand (FRA) Castorama 23

Notes and references

Footnotes

  1. ↑ The white jersey was not awarded between 1989 and 1999.[12]

References

  1. 1 2 Abt, Samuel (30 October 1992). "Tour de France Has Rocky Road Ready For Riders in 1993". New York Times.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "80ème Tour de France 1993" (in French). Mémoire du cyclisme. Archived from the original on 21 June 2012. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
  3. ↑ "Les premières équipes pour le Tour" (in French). Le Soir. 19 May 1993. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
  4. ↑ Deblander, Bruno (16 June 1993). "Sept maillots pour completer le generique du Tour de France 1993; Six invitations et une fusion" (in French). Le Soir. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
  5. ↑ Abt, Samuel (17 June 1993). "Angry U.S. Bike Team Says 'No' To Sharing Tour de France Slot". New York Times. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 McGann, Bill; McGann, Carol (2008). The Story of the Tour de France: 1965-2007. Dog Ear Publishing. pp. 211–216. ISBN 1-59858-608-4. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
  7. ↑ Historical guide 2016, p. 84.
  8. ↑ Zwegers, Arian. "Tour de France GC Top Ten". CVCC. Archived from the original on 10 June 2009. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
  9. ↑ Historical guide 2016, p. 110.
  10. 1 2 3 4 Christian, Sarah (2 July 2009). "Tour de France demystified - Evaluating success". RoadCycling.co.nz Ltd. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  11. ↑ Chauner, David; Halstead, Michael (1990). The Tour de France Complete Book of Cycling. Villard. ISBN 0679729364. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  12. ↑ Mallon, Bill; Heijmans, Jeroen (9 September 2011). Historical Dictionary of Cycling. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. p. 230. ISBN 978-0-8108-7369-8.

Sources

External links

Media related to 1993 Tour de France at Wikimedia Commons

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