1914 in art

Events

• January 31 – The Art Gallery of Hamilton is founded.^[1]
• March – The London Group hold their first exhibition, at the Goupil Gallery.
• March–June – Rebel Art Centre run in London by Wyndham Lewis and others.^[2]
• March 10 – Suffragette Mary Richardson damages the Velázquez painting Rokeby Venus (c. 1651) in the National Gallery, London, with a meat cleaver.^[3]
• April
  • Umberto Boccioni publishes Manifesto tecnico della scultura futurista ("Technical manifesto of futurist sculpture"); later this year he also publishes the book Pittura e scultura futuriste (dinamismo plastico) ("Futurist painting and sculpture").
  • August Macke, Louis Moilliet and Paul Klee travel in Tunisia.
• April 20 – English artist Dorothy Shakespear marries American poet Ezra Pound at St Mary Abbots church, Kensington, London.
• May 4 – Suffragette Mary Wood attacks John Singer Sargent's portrait of Henry James at the Royal Academy Summer Exhibition in London with a meat cleaver. At the same exhibition on May 12, Gertrude Mary Ansell attacks the recently-deceased Hubert von Herkomer's portrait of the Duke of Wellington, and on May 26 'Mary Spencer' (Maude Kate Smith) attacks George Clausen's painting Primavera.^[4]
• June – First issue (of two) published of the Vorticist literary magazine BLAST edited by Wyndham Lewis.^[5]
• July 17 – Suffragette Annie Hunt damages Sir John Millais' portrait of Thomas Carlyle (1877) in the National Portrait Gallery, London, with a meat cleaver.
• August – Fernand Léger is mobilised for service in the French Army; he serves in the Forest of Argonne.
• September 5 – The cover of magazine London Opinion first carries the iconic drawing by Alfred Leete of Lord Kitchener with the recruiting slogan Your Country Needs You.^[6]
• November 16 – The Baltimore Museum of Art is founded at Johns Hopkins University.
• The Bilbao Fine Arts Museum (Museo de Bellas Artes) is established in Bilbao.
• Futurist exhibition at the Doré Gallery in London.
• Clive Bell publishes his formalist study Art.
• Publication of Vincent van Gogh's letters to his brother Theo.
• Nina Hamnett and Amedeo Modigliani meet for the first time in Montparnasse.

Works

Giorgio de Chirico, Love Song, 1914, MOMA, New York

Paintings

• Umberto Boccioni
  • Il bevitore ("The Drinker")
  • I selciatori ("The Street Pavers")
  • Dinamismo plastico: cavallo + caseggiato ("Plastic Dynamism: Horse + Houses"; approx. date)
• David Bomberg – The Mud Bath (Tate Britain)
• Antoine Bourdelle – Dying Centaur
• John Collier – Angela McInnes
• Eugene de Blaas – In the Water
• Giorgio de Chirico
  • Gare Montparnasse (The Melancholy of Departure)
  • The Mystery and Melancholy of a Street
  • La Nostalgie du poete
  • The Song of Love (Museum of Modern Art, New York)
• Stanisława de Karłowska – Swiss Cottage
• André Derain - Portrait of a Man with a Newspaper
• Pavel Filonov – Holy Family
• Mark Gertler – The Creation of Eve
• Albert Gleizes – Woman with animals (Madame Raymond Duchamp-Villon)
• J. W. Godward
  • The Necklace
  • The New Perfume
  • Tranquility
• Marsden Hartley – Portrait of a German Officer
• Alexandre Jacovleff – Self-portrait as Harlequin and Pierrot
• Ernst Ludwig Kirchner – Potsdamer Platz
• Paul Klee – In the Style of Kairouan
• Oskar Kokoschka – The Bride of the Wind
• Fernand Léger – Nature morte (Still life)
• August Macke
  • Farewell
  • Kairouan (III) (watercolor)
  • View into a Lane
• Franz Marc
  • Animals in a Landscape
  • Fighting Form
  • Landscape with house, dog and cattle
  • Rehe im Walde (II)
• Henri Matisse – Woman on a High Stool
• Alfred Munnings – Setting off: Huntsman and Hounds
• William Nicholson – Le retour de la Joconde ("The return of the Giaconda")
• Walter Sickert
  • Ennui (probable date of Tate Britain version)
  • The Integrity of Belgium
  • Soldiers of King Albert at the Ready
  • Tipperary
• Xul Solar – Entierro ("The Burial")
• Stanley Spencer – Self-portrait

Sculptures

• Ernst Barlach – Der Rächer (The Avenger)
• John H. Beaver – Fountain for Company H (Portland, Oregon)
• Edward Berge – Armistead Monument (Baltimore)
• Marcel Duchamp – Bottle Rack (readymade)
• Jacob Epstein – The Rock Drill (final form; Tate Britain)
• Daniel Chester French – The Spirit of Life (Saratoga Springs, New York)
• Henri Gaudier-Brzeska – Hieratic Head of Ezra Pound
• Evelyn Beatrice Longman – Spirit of Communication

Interior design

• Omega Workshops – Cadena Café, 59 Westbourne Grove, London

Births

January to June

• January 5 – Nicolas de Staël, Russian-born painter (died 1955)
• January 10 – John Petts, English-born Welsh engraver (died 1991)
• January 26 – Walter Stuempfig, American painter (died 1970)
• February 3 – Felix Kelly, New Zealand-born artist (died 1994)
• February 11 - Mervyn Levy, British art critic (died 1996)
• March 3 – Asger Jorn, Danish artist and essayist (died 1973)
• March 4 – Ward Kimball, American Academy Award-winning animator (died 2002)
• March 9 – Piet Esser, Dutch sculptor (died 2004).
• April 13 – John Russell Harper, Canadian art historian (died 1983)
• May 18 – Pierre Balmain, French fashion designer (died 1982)
• May 21 – Oton Gliha, Croatian painter (died 1999)
• May 29 – Charles Mozley, British artist (died 1991)
• June 15 – Saul Steinberg, Romanian-born American cartoonist and illustrator (died 1999)

July to December

• July 5 – Jean Tabaud, French artist (died 1996)
• July 27 – Emerson Woelffer, American painter (died 2003)
• July 29 – Abram Games, English poster artist (died 1996)
• August 15 – Paul Rand, American graphic designer (died 1996)
• August 20 – Yann Goulet, French sculptor, Breton nationalist and war-time collaborationist with Nazi Germany (died 1999)
• September 6 – Bogdan Šuput, Serbian painter (died 1942)
• September 18 – Jack Cardiff, English photographer and cinematographer (died 2009)
• September 23 – Annely Juda, born Anneliese Brauer, German-born art dealer (died 2006)
• September 30 – Tom Eckersley, English poster artist (died 1997)
• October 17 – Jerry Siegel, American comic book artist (died 1996)
• November 5 – Alton Tobey, American painter, historical artist, muralist, portraitist, illustrator, and teacher (died 2005)
• December 12 – Frank Roper, English metal sculptor and stained glass artist (died 2000)
• December 16
  • Norman Blamey, British painter (died 2000)
  • O. Winston Link, American photographer (died 2001)
• December 21 – Ivan Generalić, Croatian naïve art painter (died 1992)

Deaths

• January 12 – Vinnie Ream, sculptor (born 1847)
• January 26 – Jane Burden, artists' model closely associated with the Pre-Raphaelites (born 1839)
• February 9 – Bart van Hove, Dutch sculptor (born 1850)
• February 25 – Sir John Tenniel, illustrator associated with Lewis Carroll (born 1820)
• March 25 – Spencer Gore, painter (born 1878)
• April 6 – Józef Marian Chełmoński, Polish painter (born 1849)
• May 5 – Johannes Pfuhl, German sculptor (born 1846)
• May 18 – Charles Sprague Pearce, painter (born 1851)
• June 1 – Árpád Feszty, Hungarian painter (born 1856)
• July 22 – Charles Maurin, French painter and engraver (born 1856)
• August 22 – James Dickson Innes, landscape painter (born 1887; tuberculosis)
• September 26 – August Macke, German painter (born 1887; killed in action)
• September 27 – Carlos María Herrera, Uruguayan portrait painter (born 1875)
• October 29 – Félix Bracquemond, painter and etcher (born 1833)
• date unknown – Franz Alt, Austrian landscape painter (born 1821)
• probable – Faustin Betbeder, caricaturist (born 1847)

References