1663

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1663 (MDCLXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (dominical letter G) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Thursday (dominical letter D) of the Julian calendar, the 1663rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 663rd year of the 2nd millennium, the 63rd year of the 17th century, and the 4th year of the 1660s decade. As of the start of 1663, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1918.

Events

January–June

• January 10 – The Royal African Company is granted a Royal Charter by Charles II of England.^[1]
• March 4 – The Prince Edward Islands in the sub-antarctic Indian Ocean are discovered by Barent Barentszoon Lam of the Dutch ship Maerseveen and named Dina (Prince Edward) and Maerseveen (Marion).^[2]
• March 5 – Emperor Go-Sai's reign ends and Emperor Reigen ascends to the throne of Japan.
• March 24 – King Charles II of England issues the Charter of Carolina, establishing the Province of Carolina and dividing it between eight Lords Proprietors.^[1]
• April 17 – The Turks declare war against Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I.
• May 7 – Opening of the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, in London.^[1]
• June 8 – Battle of Ameixial: The Portuguese and some English auxiliaries defeat the Spanish.

July–December

• July 8 – King Charles II of England grants John Clarke a Royal Charter to the American Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations.^[1]
• July 27 – The English Parliament passes the second Navigation Act, requiring that all goods bound for the American colonies have to be sent in English ships from English ports.
• August 21 – Concerned about the wintry weather, the Parliament of England holds an intercessary fast.^[3]
• August 28 – Severe frost in England.
• July-Sept – 4 years of Esopus Wars in and around Kingston, New York are ended by a coalition of Dutch settlers, Wappinger and Mohawk against the Esopus tribe of the Delaware.

Date unknown

• The Prix de Rome Scholarship is established for students of the arts.
• The first Maroon community arises in Suriname.
• Early February; the Sack of Campeche.
• Robert Hooke discovers that cork is made of "tiny little rooms" which he first calls "Cells".^[4]
• Publication at Cambridge in the Massachusetts Bay Colony of the "Eliot Indian Bible" (Mamusse Wunneetupanatamwe Up-Biblum God), the first complete Bible published in the Americas, a translation by English-born Puritan missionary John Eliot of the Geneva Bible from English into the Massachusett language (Natic or Wômpanâak) variety of the Algonquian languages.^[5]

Births

• January 13 – Henry Paget, 1st Earl of Uxbridge, British politician (d. 1743)
• January 19 – Nicholas Trott, colonial magistrate, chief justice in South Carolina (d. 1740)
• January 20 – Luca Carlevarijs, Italian painter (d. 1730)
• January 26 – Francis Barrell, English politician (d. 1724)
• January 27 – George Byng, 1st Viscount Torrington, Royal Navy admiral (d. 1733)
• February 1 – Ignacia del Espíritu Santo, Filipino religious sister (d. 1748)
• February 4 – Edward Lee, 1st Earl of Lichfield, English peer (d. 1716)
• February 12 – Cotton Mather, American theologian (d. 1728)
• February 22 – Louis Bossuet, French parlementaire (d. 1742)
• February 25 – Pierre Antoine Motteux, French-born English dramatist (d. 1718)
• March 3 – Nicolas Siret, French composer, organist and harpsichordist (d. 1754)
• March 6 – Francis Atterbury, British bishop (d. 1732)
• March 7 – Tomaso Antonio Vitali, Italian composer and violinist (d. 1745)
• March 16 – Jean-Baptiste Matho, French composer (d. 1743)
• March 18 – Johann Martin Steindorff, German composer (d. 1744)
• March 22 – August Hermann Francke, German Lutheran clergyman, philanthropist, Biblical scholar (d. 1727)
• March 25 – Félix Le Pelletier de La Houssaye (d. 1723)
• March 27 – Johann Andreas Eisenbarth, German surgeon (d. 1727)
• March 28 – Louis Crato, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken (d. 1713)
• March 29 – Harry Mordaunt, British politician (d. 1720)
• April 7 – Filippo II Colonna (d. 1714)
• April 10 – Francisco de Berganza (d. 1738)
• April 14 – August David zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein, Prussian politician (d. 1735)
• April 16 – Alexander Sigismund von der Pfalz-Neuburg, Roman Catholic bishop (d. 1737)
• May 1 – Giacomo Parolini, Italian painter (d. 1733)
• May 2 – Joseph de Gallifet, French Jesuit priest (d. 1749)
• May 8 – Lord James Murray, Scottish Member of Parliament (d. 1719)
• May 17
  • Rosine Elisabeth Menthe, morganatic wife of Duke Rudolf August of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (d. 1701)
  • Sir William Glynne, 2nd Baronet, English politician (d. 1721)
• May 20 – William Bradford, English-born printer in North America (d. 1752)
• May 25 – Johann Dientzenhofer, German architect (d. 1726)
• May 28 – António Manoel de Vilhena, Grand Master of the Order of Saint John (d. 1736)
• June 2 – Anne-Marguerite Petit du Noyer (d. 1719)
• June 8 – Sir William Lowther, 1st Baronet, of Swillington, British politician (d. 1729)
• June 24 – Jean Baptiste Massillon, French Catholic bishop, famous preacher (d. 1742)
• July 1 – Franz Xaver Murschhauser, German composer and theorist (d. 1738)
• July 11 – James Stuart, Duke of Cambridge, British prince (d. 1667)
• July 15 – Sir John Cropley, 2nd Baronet, English politician (d. 1713)
• July 26 – Peter Hohmann, Edler of Hohenthal, Leipzig merchant and town councillor, raised to nobility (d. 1732)
• August 9 – Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany (d. 1713)
• August 18 – Catherine Repond, alleged Swiss witch (d. 1731)
• August 24 – Kiliaen Van Rensselaer, fifth patroon (d. 1719)
• August 31 – Guillaume Amontons, French scientific instrument inventor and physicist (d. 1705)
• September 1 – Jean Boivin the Younger, French writer (d. 1726)
• September 16 – Johann Josua Mosengel, German organ builder (d. 1731)
• September 20
  • Pirro Albergati, Italian composer (d. 1735)
  • Frederick William, Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen (d. 1735)
  • Louis-François Duplessis de Mornay, Catholic bishop (d. 1741)
• September 25 – Johann Nikolaus Hanff, German composer and organist (d. 1711)
• September 28 – Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton (d. 1690)
• October 3 – Johann Christoph Wichmannshausen, German philosopher (d. 1727)
• October 9
  • Francis Xavier Schmalzgrueber, German Canon law jurist (d. 1735)
  • Giovanni Mario Crescimbeni, Italian critic and poet (d. 1728)
• October 15 – Fitton Gerard, 3rd Earl of Macclesfield, English politician and EArl (d. 1702)
• October 17 – Diego de Astorga y Céspedes, Catholic cardinal (d. 1735)
• October 18 – Prince Eugene of Savoy, Austrian Field Marshal (d. 1736)
• October 23 – Eleonore Juliane of Brandenburg-Ansbach, Duchess by marriage of Württemberg-Winnental (d. 1724)
• October 24 – Stephen Delancey, major figure in the life of colonial New York (d. 1741)
• November 13 – Árni Magnússon, Icelandic scholar and manuscript collector (d. 1730)
• November 14 – Friedrich Wilhelm Zachow, German composer (d. 1712)
• November 17 – Marie Christine de Pardaillan de Gondrin, eldest legitimate child of Françoise-Athénaïs (d. 1675)
• November 25 – Jean-Frédéric Osterwald, Swiss Protestant pastor (d. 1747)
• November 29 – Sir Thomas Crosse, 1st Baronet, British aristocrat and politician (d. 1738)
• November 30 – Andrea Adami da Bolsena, Italian castrato (d. 1742)
• December 8 – Nathan Gold, American colonial leader, deputy governor of Connecticut (d. 1723)
• December 19 – Charles de La Baume Le Blanc, French royal (d. 1665)
• December 20 – Thomas Wilson, Bishop of Sodor and Man (d. 1755)
• December 24 – Ippolita Ludovisi, Princess of Piombino from 1701 until her death (d. 1733)
• December 27 – Johann Melchior Roos, German painter (d. 1731)
• December 31 – Carl Wilhelm Welser von Neunhof, Merchant and politician (d. 1711)
• date unknown – William King, English poet (d. 1712)

Deaths

• February 19 – Adam Adami, German bishop and diplomat (b. 1603)
• April 7 – Francis Cooke, Mayflower pilgrim (b. c. 1583)
• June 4 – William Juxon, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1582)
• June 25 – John Bramhall, Archbishop of Armagh and Anglican controversialist (b. 1594)
• July 7 – Thomas Baltzar, German violinist (b. c. 1631)
• September 18 – Joseph of Cupertino, Italian saint (b. 1603)
• October 20 – Raphael Cotoner, 60th Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller (b. 1601)
• December 5 – Severo Bonini, Italian composer (b. 1582)
• December 17 – Queen Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba (b. c. 1583)
• December 28 – Francesco Maria Grimaldi, Italian mathematician and physicist (b. 1618)

References