Nga (Indic)

Nga
Devanagari Bengali Gurmukhi Gujarati Oriya
ਙ ઙ
Tamil Telugu Kannada Malayalam Sinhala
ங ఙ ಙ ങ ඞ
Thai Lao Tibetan Burmese Khmer
ง ງ ང င ង
Baybayin Hanunoo Buhid Tagbanwa Lontara
ᜅ ᜥ ᝅ ᝥ ᨂ
Balinese Sundanese Limbu Tai Le New Tai Lue
ᬗ ᮍ ᤅ ᥒ ᦇ
Lepcha Saurashtra Rejang Javanese Cham
ᰅ ꢖ ꤲ ꦔ ꨋ
Tai Tham Tai Viet Kayah Li Phags-pa Siddhaṃ
ᨦ ꪈꪉ ꤍ ꡃ
Mahajani Khojki Khudabadi Syloti Meitei
- 𑈍 𑊿 - ꯡ
Modi Tirhuta Kaithi Sora Grantha
𑘒 𑒓 𑂑 𑃗 𑌙
Chakma Sharada Takri Kharoshthi Brahmi
𑄋 𑆕 𑚎 -
Phonemic representation: /ŋ/
IAST transliteration: nga
ISCII code point: B7 (183)

Nga is the fifth consonant of Indic abugidas. In modern Indic scripts, nga is derived from the Brahmi letter after having gone through the Gupta letter .

Āryabhaṭa numeration

Further information: Āryabhaṭa numeration

Aryabhata used Devanagari letters for numbers, very similar to the Greek numerals, even after the invention of Indian numerals. The values of the different forms of ङ are:[1]

Devanagari script

Nga (ङ) is the fifth consonant of the Devanagari abugida. In all languages, ङ is pronounced as [ŋə] or [ŋ] when appropriate. Letters that derive from it are the Gujarati letter ઙ and the Modi letter 𑘒.

Bengali script

ঙ is used as a basic consonant character in all of the major Bengali script orthographies, including Bengali and Assamese.

Gujarati script

Nga (ઙ) is the fifth consonant of the Gujarati script. It is derived from 16th century Devanagari letter nga (ङ) with the top bar (shiro rekha) removed.

Gurmukhi script

Ngangaa [ŋɑŋːɑ̃] (ਙ) is the tenth letter of the Gurmukhi alphabet. Its name is [ŋɑŋːɑ̃] and is pronounced as /ŋ/ when used in words. It is derived from the Laṇḍā letter nga, and ultimately from the Brahmi nga. Gurmukhi ngangaa does not have a special pairin or addha (reduced) form for making conjuncts, and in modern Punjabi texts do not take a half form or halant to indicate the bare consonant /ŋ/, although Gurmukhi Sanskrit texts may use an explicit halant. Ngangaa rarely used. It cannot begin a syllable or be placed between two consonants, and occur most often as an allophone of /n/ before specific consonant phonemes.

Thai script

Ngo ngu (ง) is the seventh letter of the Thai script. It falls under the low class of Thai consonants. In IPA, ngo ngu is pronounced as [ŋ] at the beginning of a syllable and at the end of a syllable. Unlike many Indic scripts, Thai consonants do not form conjunct ligatures, and use the pinthu—an explicit virama with a dot shape—to indicate bare consonants. In the acrophony of the Thai script, ngu (งู) means ‘snake’. Ngo ngu corresponds to the Sanskrit character ‘ङ’.

Javanese script

Main article: Nga (Javanese)

References

  1. ↑ Ifrah, Georges (2000). The Universal History of Numbers. From Prehistory to the Invention of the Computer. New York: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 447–450. ISBN 0-471-39340-1.
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